Transcript Highlights:

• Fernandez for legislation to authorize the Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game to convey easements
• recommending the following matters be scheduled for consideration by the House: the Senate bill further regulating
• An act further regulating insurance claims. Senate number 785. Insurance claims.

Summary: The House began with the Pledge of Allegiance and then took up several routine matters from the Committee on Rules. It adopted resolutions congratulating Mark D. Chiraco on his retirement from the Veterans Health Administration and Gene M. Bubon on her retirement from the town of Sturbridge, and it also adopted an order extending the Education Committee’s reporting deadline on House document 5991 to July 31, 2026. The chamber then suspended Joint Rule 12 to receive and refer several Senate petitions, including a proposal to conform state law to the Electoral Count Reform Act of 2022, a Buzzards Bay Water District easement bill, and measures involving Fish and Game easements and the leasing of Pilgrim Memorial Park. The House also accepted the Steering, Policy and Scheduling Committee’s recommendation to place several bills on the calendar, including Senate No. 785 on insurance claims, House bills naming the official vegetable and crustacean of the Commonwealth, and a local bill for additional alcohol licenses in East Bridgewater. After suspending Rule 7A, the House gave second reading and ordered these bills to third reading. It then passed to be enacted House 4321, authorizing the Dalton Fire District to continue employing interim fire chief Christopher Francis Cherat, and House 899, dedicating park and field space in South Boston. Later, the House considered several third-reading bills and passed them to be engrossed, including Senate 2735 dissolving the North Carver Water District, House 5421 on transportation of vessels in Barnstable, House 5426 amending the North Attleboro charter, and House 5543 establishing a sick leave bank for Andrew Bartlett of the Department of Public Health. House 5528, a sick leave bank bill for Edward Gillian, was amended to add an emergency preamble and then passed to be engrossed as amended. The House adopted an order to meet again Wednesday at 11 a.m., then adjourned, with a Democratic caucus notice announced for noon in rooms A1 and A2.

Transcript Highlights:

• So the point of regulation for transportation fuel, there's two points.
• It's much easier to change now before the regulation goes into effect.
• This is the reason for our deepest concern about the proposed regulation.
• Now under this regulation, they're not.
• So we think that the current regulation is reasonable in that respect.

Committee: Senate Joint Legislative Committee on Climate Change Policies

Transcript Highlights:

• We don't have big game to Mississippi.
• </c> uh of some smaller game being taken. uh of some smaller game being taken.
• As I understand it, you're having the regulator, which is the PSC, creating a board that they're regulating
• board that they're regulating creating a board that they're regulating which<01:58:33.040><c> I</c><01
• </c><02:09:14.120><c> body</c> because they're the regulating body because they're the regulating body

Transcript Highlights:

• We can't even, now at LSU games, you can't even have it. Hey, good Lord.
• If you could smoke this stuff, our people... ...you games. You can't even have it. Good Lord.
• As we've been hearing, surface water really isn't well regulated.
• I think now it's somewhere around 40 horsepower, but we do regulate that. So thank you. Okay.
• This balance is achieved through carefully structured regulations to prohibit conflicts.

Committee: House Natural Resources & Environment

Transcript Highlights:

• So the point of regulation for transportation fuel, there's two points.
• It's much easier to change now before the regulation goes into effect.
• This is the reason for our deepest concern about the proposed regulation.
• Now under this regulation, they're not.
• So we think that the current regulation is reasonable in that respect.

Committee: House Joint Legislative Committee on Climate Change Policies

Summary: The Joint Legislative Committee on Climate Change Policy heard an overview from CARB on proposed amendments to California’s Cap-and-Invest program, which was reauthorized through 2045 by AB 1207 and SB 840. CARB said the draft rules are intended to preserve affordability, market certainty, and progress toward the state’s 2030 and 2045 climate targets. The agency described the program’s main features, including the declining emissions cap, utility and industrial allowance allocations, offset changes, the allowance price containment reserve, and new reporting and oversight requirements. CARB also said the rulemaking is on a public comment timeline, with board consideration planned for late May and an effective date targeted for September 1, 2026. Committee members focused heavily on electricity affordability, the planned shift of free allowances from natural gas utilities to electric utilities, and whether the proposal would raise rates for investor-owned and publicly owned utilities. CARB said the proposal is meant to protect ratepayers from compliance costs and that the utility allocation is based on updated data showing utilities are greener than before, but members and utility representatives argued the transition should happen faster and that the current draft could reduce expected revenues and disrupt long-term planning. Members also pressed CARB on carbon capture and sequestration, asking that the regulations clearly recognize it as a compliance pathway, and on whether the SB 905 rulemaking for carbon capture should move forward on schedule. A second major topic was industrial allocations, especially for refiners and other sectors at risk of leakage. CARB said it is keeping all industries at high leakage risk through 2030, maintaining the current cap-adjustment approach, and leaving room for additional comments and data on whether refiners need more allowances to avoid economic leakage and preserve in-state refining. Members also questioned how imported gasoline is treated, and CARB explained that transportation fuel is regulated at the rack and through the low-carbon fuel standard, while cap-and-invest covers in-state tailpipe and smokestack emissions rather than full life-cycle emissions. CARB said it is open to using additional data, including SB 253 reporting, to improve fuel carbon-intensity estimates. The panel of outside experts largely agreed that the program must balance affordability, ambition, and leakage concerns, but they differed on how much allowance value should go to utilities, industry, and the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund. The Legislative Analyst’s Office emphasized that the Legislature should scrutinize CARB’s allocation choices now because they will be hard to change later. An IEMAC representative said the proposal appears to shift more allowance value to industry and utilities, which could reduce GGRF revenues, while EDF argued the cap could be tightened further in the near term without triggering price containment. SCAPA, representing publicly owned utilities, warned that the proposal would reduce utility allowances and could raise costs for ratepayers and undermine early decarbonization investments. No votes were taken at the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• So the point of regulation for transportation fuel, there's two points.
• It's much easier to change now before the regulation goes into effect.
• And why so is because the regulations are not done? Is that the reason?
• Now under this regulation, they're not.
• So we think that the current regulation is reasonable in that respect.

Committee: Senate Joint Legislative Committee on Climate Change Policies

Summary: The committee heard an overview of CARB’s proposed amendments to California’s Cap-and-Invest program, implemented under AB 1207 and SB 840 after last year’s reauthorization through 2045. CARB said the draft rule changes are intended to support affordability, market certainty, and the state’s 2030 and 2045 climate targets, while also addressing offsets, utility allowance transfers, leakage protections for industry, and post-2030 allowance budgets. Members emphasized the importance of completing the rulemaking on schedule this spring so the changes can take effect by September 1, 2026. A major focus was how allowances are allocated among electric utilities, natural gas utilities, industry, and the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund. CARB explained that the proposal transfers natural gas utility allowances to electric utilities over time to support electrification and ratepayer protection, while maintaining free allowances for industry to reduce leakage risk and preserve in-state manufacturing and refining. Several members and panelists questioned whether the proposed utility changes could raise rates, whether the transition from gas to electric credits should happen faster, and whether the industrial allocation changes reduce climate credit and GGRF revenues more than necessary. CARB and panelists said they were open to additional data and comments, and noted that the proposal is still in public comment. The committee also discussed carbon capture, carbon removal, and refining. Members asked CARB to ensure that CCUS and CDR are clearly recognized as viable compliance pathways and to keep SB 905 rulemaking on track. On refining, members raised concerns about imported gasoline, leakage, and the need for better data on the carbon intensity of imported fuels; CARB said cap-and-invest applies to fuel suppliers at the rack, while life-cycle accounting issues are handled more through the Low Carbon Fuel Standard and related modeling. CARB said it is continuing technical work on those data tools. In the second panel, the LAO, IEMAC, EDF, and SCAPA representatives generally agreed that the program faces real tradeoffs between affordability, ambition, and leakage protection. The LAO and IEMAC stressed that the Legislature should scrutinize how CARB divides the allowance “pie,” since more free allocations to utilities or industry mean less revenue for GGRF. EDF argued the program could be somewhat more ambitious in the near term without harming affordability, while SCAPA said the proposal would reduce allowances for publicly owned utilities and could undermine early decarbonization investments and ratepayer benefits. No votes were taken during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• Game.
• </c><04:06:31.439><c> Um,</c><04:06:32.160><c> it's</c> fish and game. Um, it's fish and game.
• Um, because of our fishing game.
• </c><04:21:13.199><c> I</c> game funded everything. Thank them. I game funded everything.
• </c> promote uh fish and game licensing. promote uh fish and game licensing.

Committee: House Education Policy and Administration

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> into um lots of business regulations into um lots of business regulations over<03:13:07.439><c>
• Um, child care is regulated by HHS.
• </c> The state regulates timber harvesting. The state regulates timber harvesting.
• It could be very of regulations.
• Statutes potentially, but there's also a whole host of additional regulations with the charitable gaming

Committee: House Municipal and County Government

Transcript Highlights:

• Finally, we'll hear from DMV and CPUC about how AVs are regulated now and how those regulations will
• I think sooner or later what you end up with is regulation foisted upon you rather than regulation...
• You end up with is regulation foisted upon you rather than regulation that's, you know, that's brought
• These regulations, or proposed regulations, erase that line.
• should regulate these vehicles.

Committee: Senate Transportation

Summary: The Senate Transportation Committee held an informational hearing on autonomous vehicle technology in California, focusing on safety, regulation, first responder impacts, and the state’s evolving oversight framework. The chair said the committee would hear all panels before public comment, with witnesses limited to five minutes and public commenters to one minute. The first panel featured an industry representative, a safety academic, and victims/advocates who described sharply different views of AV safety and accountability. Ariel Wolf of the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association argued that fully autonomous vehicles are distinct from driver-assist systems, said AVs are already reducing crashes and fatalities, and urged clear, uniform standards. Dr. Missy Cummings countered that remote operations and computer-vision failures show the technology still depends on human intervention and can be unsafe, especially when remote assistance is done from abroad. Robert O’Dowd and Dylan Angulo, both tied to Tesla crash cases, described fatal and serious injuries involving Autopilot/Full Self-Driving, criticized limited transparency and data access, and called for stronger disclosure, preservation of crash data, and mandatory fixes or disabling of defective software. Committee members questioned witnesses about data comparing AVs to human drivers, the role of remote operators, liability, and whether California should create clearer standards for the human element behind AV systems. Several members and witnesses discussed the need for “guardrails,” black-box-style data access, and accountability for the remaining crash risk. The hearing then shifted to first responders and road users: a San Francisco Fire Department representative described AVs blocking fire scenes, ambulances, and apparatus access during emergencies and urged a public safety manual override; a San Jose police representative said officers need clear enforcement authority, training, and reliable ways to stop or redirect AVs; a rideshare driver described near-collisions and congestion caused by robo-taxis; and a Teamsters representative opposed proposed heavy-duty AV truck rules as too reliant on manufacturer self-certification and lacking independent validation. In the final panel, DMV and CPUC officials defended California’s regulatory structure. DMV said it has regulated AVs since 2014, has issued multiple rulemakings and permit types, and is developing a fourth package that would add reporting, enforcement tools, emergency-response requirements, and rules for heavy-duty AVs. DMV said it has revoked or suspended permits when needed, including Cruise and Pony.ai actions. CPUC said its authority covers passenger service only, requires safety plans and ongoing reporting, and continues oversight after permits are issued. No votes or formal actions were taken, as the hearing was informational only.

Transcript Highlights:

• lot</c><00:52:47.400><c> of</c><00:52:47.480><c> our</c> game-changer for a lot of our game-changer for
• So, again, thanks game-changer uh here.
• </c> defined by Code of Federal Regulations defined by Code of Federal Regulations Title<00:57:12.320
• This is your bill on automated vehicle regulations. It was Senate File 4010.
• This is your bill on automated vehicle regulations. It was Senate File 4010.

Committee: Senate Transportation

Transcript Highlights:

• regulation that states that<00:36:20.000><c> to</c><00:36:20.240><c> be</c><00:36:20.400><c> a</c><00
• </c><01:25:24.800><c> But</c> playing political games with this.
• But playing political games with this.
• </c><01:46:14.480><c> We</c><01:46:14.639><c> got</c> if we can't regulate heat.
• We got if we can't regulate heat.

Summary: The Legislative Oversight and Investigation Committee met without a quorum, so no votes were taken. Staff presented a study of the Kentucky Fire Commission focused on firefighter minimum training standards and administrative spending. The presentation explained that Kentucky’s training standards are built from NFPA guidelines, that the commission currently requires 115 hours for volunteer firefighters and 300 hours for paid firefighters, and that those reduced hours were adopted by removing electives and other non-NFPA content. Staff also said the commission’s IFSAC certification testing for firefighter 1 and firefighter 2 aligns with NFPA standards, but the commission cannot require local departments to train or certify firefighters. Staff recommended that the commission formally promulgate regulations establishing the reduced training hours and work with KCTCS to better separate administrative costs for certain programs so compliance with the statute can be demonstrated. The finance portion of the report said the commission is funded by general fund appropriations for State Fire Rescue Training and by an insurance premium surcharge that supports the Firefighter Foundation Program Fund. Staff reported that the commission stayed within the 5% administrative cap tied to the overall surcharge allotment, but could not confirm compliance with a separate 5% cap for specific programs because KCTCS accounting does not break out those costs in enough detail. Staff suggested the General Assembly may want to clarify what counts as administrative cost in statute. Members asked about investment returns, local fire department funding, and whether training documentation is required; staff said some of those topics were outside the study scope and that IFSAC testing relies on chief certification that a candidate is ready to test. Representatives from the Fire Commission then responded, saying they agreed with the report’s recommendations and would work to clarify the 5% issue with legislators and KCTCS. They explained that the reduction in training hours was intended to remove electives, better align with NFPA standards, and address the difficulty volunteer departments have in getting members to complete lengthy training. Commission officials said training is documented through rosters and annual compliance reviews, and that IFSAC-certified firefighter testing is based on demonstrated skills rather than a required number of training hours. They also said the difficulty in tracking the second 5% cap stems from the way KCTCS’s PeopleSoft system records reimbursements as single transactions, making it hard to isolate administrative costs by program.

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> regulations all the time. regulations all the time.
• </c> what the state does for a regulation. what the state does for a regulation.
• </c> different regulations. different regulations.
• </c> inspection, there's no regulation. inspection, there's no regulation.
• That is a good regulation. Go approach. That is a good regulation.

Committee: House Environment and Agriculture

Transcript Highlights:

• Let me be clear, adopt this regulation.
• </c> purely because of government regulation. purely because of government regulation.
• > taped</c><02:14:04.760><c> delayed</c> fact, that game was taped delayed fact, that game was taped
• Ten days before that game, Madam Speaker, they had an exhibition game and they were blown out at Madison
• Speaker these uh games whatever or Mr.

Transcript Highlights:

• But two, we also applaud the Senate There are a number of pieces in the bill regarding new regulations
• But two, we also applaud the Senate There are a number of pieces in the bill regarding new regulations
• In this case, your end game I think the end game what we’re trying to get to is more efficient through
• In this case, your end game—I think the end game what we’re trying to get to is more efficient through
• So, it's existing law, but regulations.

Committee: Senate Human Services

Transcript Highlights:

• Chair Gillamardo here, we're at an undisclosed location with the Florida gaming commission.
• I'm just going to say the gaming commission. We should get out of this damn thing.
• It's truly game-changing legislation for our student athletes.
• So typically surplus lines forms and fees are not regulated by OIR.
• Are these rates approved by regulators or are there regulators to ensure that the 15% differential is

Summary: The House convened with prayer, a moment of silence for former Lee County Judge John Carlin, the Pledge of Allegiance, and recognition of FSU Police Officer Cody Popple for stopping the April campus shooter. The Speaker then outlined the final week of session, noting the House had passed 253 House bills and 149 Senate bills to date, but that the 2026-27 budget would not be completed this week. The chamber also adopted the Rules and Ethics Committee’s special order report for the day. The House took up several Senate bills on special order, largely technical or open-government measures, and passed them with little or no opposition. These included SB 100, SB 104, and SB 102 on the Florida Statutes and revisor’s changes; SB 7006, SB 7014, SB 7002, SB 7012, SB 7024, SB 7016, SB 7026, SB 7008, SB 7000, and SB 7004, which extended or preserved various public-records and meeting exemptions for matters such as Public Service Commission proprietary information, social media investigations, military affairs, highway safety records, cybersecurity, emergency shelter contact information, conviction integrity units, and trade secrets. Most passed overwhelmingly, though SB 7006 drew 99-8, SB 7022 on public records for exam integrity passed 101-8 after questions about testing materials and scoring rubrics, and SB 7026 on trade secrets passed 106-3. The most substantive floor debate centered on SB 7040, which recreates the emergency preparedness and response trust fund in the Executive Office of the Governor. Rep. Eskamani offered an amendment to let the fund expire, arguing the money had become a “slush fund” and had been used for the Everglades detention facility rather than emergencies; several members supported her on fiscal and separation-of-powers grounds, while others said the fund is needed for rapid disaster response. The House rejected Eskamani’s amendment and then adopted a Griffiths strike-all amendment adding accountability measures, including spending limits, quarterly reporting, asset tracking, and a sunset/review provision. SB 7040 then passed 82-25. The chamber also passed CS/CS SB 302 on coastal resiliency, CS/CS SB 984 on firefighter cancer benefits, CS SB 474 on military affairs, and SB 488 on Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles, which prompted extended questions about vehicle registration requirements, license plate frames, and foreign passport/I-94 documentation; the bill was still under amendment and debate when the transcript ended.

Transcript Highlights:

• Anyway, the game here.
• Anyway, the game here.
• Does the bill put any new regulation around?
• I also want to address the issue of OSHA regulation.
• Land development regulations and comp plan amendments have.

Summary: The Senate opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, doctor and guest introductions, and then took up Committee Substitute for Senate Bill 168, the Tristan Murphy Act, on mental health. Senator Bradley described the bill as a major criminal justice and behavioral health reform measure that would expand pretrial mental health diversion, strengthen treatment-based probation conditions, broaden grant uses for mental health and substance abuse programs, add Hillsborough County to a forensic hospital diversion pilot, require certain DOC mental health evaluations, and create a Florida Behavioral Health Data Repository. Senators from both parties spoke in strong support, emphasizing treatment over incarceration, public safety, data collection, and the Murphy family’s role in advancing the bill. The Senate passed the bill 37-0 and then approved 37 co-sponsors. The chamber then received the Senate’s 2025-26 General Appropriations Bill, SB 2500, with Chair Hooper outlining a $117.4 billion budget that he said reduces spending, preserves reserves, and includes major investments in water quality, transportation, education infrastructure, and reporting requirements. Committee chairs summarized their portions: K-12 funding at $34.7 billion with increases for FEFP, scholarships, VPK, school hardening, and school safety; higher education at $11.5 billion with workforce, nursing, reading, autism, and student aid investments; health and human services with a $1.8 billion increase for Medicaid, mental health, opioid response, disability services, and veterans programs; criminal and civil justice at $7.6 billion for corrections, juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts, and judgeships; transportation/tourism/economic development at about $18 billion including roads, housing, Visit Florida, and cultural grants; and agriculture/environment/general government with major Everglades, water quality, citrus, food bank, and agency IT funding. Members then questioned several budget items, especially education funding formulas, the shift of scholarship dollars below the line, the impact on public school districts, AP/IB and other accelerated program funding, the APD wait list, opioid settlement spending, arts grants, and the My Safe Florida Home and condo pilot programs. Chairs generally said scholarship and accelerated-program dollars were being restructured for transparency and flexibility rather than cut, that school districts would still receive funding based on enrollment, and that APD and other human services issues would continue to be worked out in conference. The budget discussion concluded with remarks praising staff and noting a 4% across-the-board pay raise for state employees and targeted increases for law enforcement and firefighters, followed by a recognition for FAMU Day at the Capitol.

Transcript Highlights:

• ... ...pushed their ACC2 regulations to model year 29, and Vermont just yesterday paused their regulation
• So... ...game changer if we lose that in terms of the demand. So, Mr.
• with certainty, these regulations, again, well-intentioned, are not achievable.
• stuck in the middle of this ambitious, but unachievable regulation.
• There are 12 states that follow California's ACC-2 regulations.

Committee: Joint Joint Committee on Telecommunications, Utilities and Energy

Summary: The committee on Telecommunications, Utilities and Energy heard testimony on several transportation and clean-fuel bills. Supporters of H. 3535 argued for delaying or pausing enforcement of Massachusetts’ zero-emission vehicle sales mandate, saying the current ACC2 timeline is unrealistic given low ZEV sales, limited charging infrastructure, dealer inventory concerns, and potential economic impacts on dealerships, consumers, and tax revenue. Opponents of that approach, including automakers and clean transportation advocates, said the state should stay on course with electrification and that the mandate is necessary to meet climate goals. The committee also heard support for H. 3570/S. 2326 to update vehicle emission standards for municipal and utility fleets, with municipal utility representatives saying current electric truck technology, charging access, and costs make the rules impractical for critical public services. A major portion of the hearing focused on S. 2246, the Freedom to Move Act, which would require MassDOT and regional planning agencies to set vehicle miles traveled reduction goals and align transportation spending with climate targets. Supporters said the bill would better coordinate transportation planning, encourage transit, biking, and walking, and help Massachusetts meet emissions goals while saving money and improving public health. Some committee members raised concerns that the bill could duplicate existing transportation climate mandates and could disadvantage rural residents who must drive long distances; witnesses responded that the bill is meant to add coordination and flexibility, not impose a one-size-fits-all solution. The committee also heard testimony on H. 3448, which would set deadlines to electrify school buses and public fleets and create programs for private fleet electrification. Advocates said fleet electrification is a practical way to cut emissions, improve air quality, and save money over time, especially for schoolchildren exposed to diesel exhaust. Several witnesses also supported low-carbon fuel standard bills H. 3576 and S. 2251, arguing they would reduce fuel carbon intensity and generate revenue for charging and clean-fuel investments. Others, including a coalition opposed to private jet expansion, objected to the bills’ treatment of sustainable aviation fuel, saying it is not scalable, is expensive, and could create land-use and food-supply tradeoffs. No votes or formal committee actions were taken in the hearing excerpt provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• We face a hostile federal government playing games with disaster response.
• We face a hostile federal government playing games with disaster response.
• From a legal perspective, the attempt to regulate extraterritorial conduct places significant burdens
• This bill doesn't change any environmental regulations. It doesn't call for more forest thinning.
• The number one objective is to have the air district regulate you to make sure that we don't...

Summary: The committee hearing centered first on AB 1243, the Polluters Pay Climate Superfund Act of 2025, which would direct CalEPA to identify major fossil fuel companies, study California’s climate damages, and assess fees on the largest polluters to fund resilience, recovery, and related projects. The author and supporters argued the bill would make polluters help pay for climate harms, protect taxpayers, create jobs in construction and clean energy, and dedicate at least 40% of funds to disadvantaged communities. Support testimony came from environmental justice groups, labor, youth advocates, health organizations, and many individual witnesses, while opponents from the building trades, chambers of commerce, petroleum, and business groups warned it would raise fuel and consumer costs, threaten refinery jobs, and create legal and economic uncertainty. Committee members debated the bill’s impact on affordability, jobs, refinery closures, and whether cap-and-trade already addresses climate funding needs. The committee ultimately voted to give AB 1243 a due pass recommendation to the Judiciary Committee, with the roll left open. After AB 1243, the committee moved to another bill on wildfire mitigation and related resilience work. The author said the measure addresses a long-running wildfire problem and accepted committee amendments, describing the bill as a response to increasingly severe wildfire seasons and the need to help communities stay safe and rebuild after disasters. The transcript cuts off as that presentation begins, so no final action on the second bill is shown in the excerpt.

Transcript Highlights:

• Federal regulators shouldn't stifle energy development.
• They should have more regulations put on them.
• This burdensome regulation will be detrimental to those small businesses.
• Speaker, I rise today because the game is rigged.
• We need your help, please understand this is a dangerous game we're playing.

Transcript Highlights:

• tension of water because the population centers, with their political power, are thirsty and in the long game
• I'm sure most of you have been to a football stadium, or a game, or an event.
• chili powder for that fellow, but I come torn today because I have one foot on both sides of this game
• Chair and members, House Bill 2494 prohibits counties from preventing, restricting, or regulating the
• I do appreciate the sponsor's recognition of the legislature's authority to regulate in the utility space

Committee: Senate Senate Natural Resources Committee of Reference

Summary: The committee first heard an informational presentation on transportation fuel supply in Arizona from Gordon Shemp of Nemecu Analytics. He described Arizona’s dependence on pipeline deliveries, limited terminal inventories, and the resulting vulnerability to outages and price spikes. He also discussed recent refinery closures in California, increased imports from overseas, and a proposed Kinder Morgan project that could add east-to-west capacity into Phoenix. Committee members asked about fuel formulations and how many fuel types move through the system; Shemp said the project would not change destination fuel specifications and that multiple fuel products already move through the pipelines. The committee then took up House Bill 2758, which would allow groundwater transport from the McMullen Valley basin to an initial AMA and related uses, with provisions for eligible entities, transportation fees, and water improvement programs. Supporters, including Stan Barnes, Jim Downing, and Barry Arons, argued the bill follows the 1991 transfer-basin framework, provides needed water augmentation for urban Arizona, and includes local benefits and guardrails. Opponents, including La Paz County Supervisor Holly Irwin, Devonna Sater, and Ed Curry, said the bill would worsen groundwater decline, subsidence, and well failures in Salome and Wenden and favored rural communities being used to solve urban water shortages. The committee approved HB 2758 on a 4-3 vote. The committee also considered HB 2078, which clarifies that certain aggregate mining reclamation notice requirements apply only to new reclamation plans and new aggregate operations, not existing mines. The sponsor said the bill fixes confusion from prior legislation, and the committee passed it 5-0. HB 2031, extending the deadline for applying for a certificate of grandfathered right in the Wilcox AMA from 15 to 27 months, also passed after some members argued the extension was needed for affected applicants while others said it would delay needed protections. HB 2102, allowing county improvement districts in certain basins to use eminent domain for a well and standpipe site and to operate domestic water delivery systems, and HB 2103, allowing gifts and fee revenues to support water hauling and local water improvement programs, both passed 4-3 despite opposition that they were only partial fixes. Later, HB 2117, which increases the annual distribution cap for conservation district education centers and shifts Environmental Special Plate Fund disbursements to the Natural Resource Conservation Board, passed 5-2 after supporters called it a technical cleanup and one member objected to changing the administering entity. HB 2261, revising agricultural property tax valuation terminology and requiring income-based valuation for agricultural real property, passed 4-3 after assessors and county representatives warned it would remove agricultural improvements from the tax rolls and shift costs to homeowners, while farm groups said it would clarify and stabilize agricultural taxation. Finally, HB 2262, transferring the Resource Analysis Division from the State Land Department to the Arizona Geological Survey and changing related geospatial advisory duties, was presented with State Land Department concerns that the bill left several duties and funding questions unclear; the transcript ends before any final action on HB 2262.