Transcript Highlights:

• I was looking at the counties.
• He had 11 counties at the time.
• I'm talking about Miami-Dade County. Or 34 municipalities within the county of Miami-Dade.
• to live in Broward County or in Palm Beach County.
• Petersburg, Osceola County, Seminole County, Santa Rosa had two lobbyists registered, Collier County.

Transcript Highlights:

• Existing law already very clearly permits counties to pursue multiple models of county office consolidation
• rather than targeting one specific county.
• And all of us here are aware of the influence that county sheriffs can have on county politics.
• And I think it's fair to characterize what happened in Riverside County as a county sheriff using every
• County.

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Summary: The committee heard a long series of housing, land use, infrastructure, and local governance bills, beginning without a quorum and briefly operating as a subcommittee until members arrived. SB 1003 by Senator Grayson would create an Infrastructure Partnership Financing Program to help local governments and developers fund infill housing infrastructure; it drew support from housing advocates and senior housing groups, while Senator Seyarto questioned whether the state would actually fund another program. The bill passed 3-1 and remained on call. The committee then adopted a consent calendar containing SB 1169, SB 1086, SB 1126, and SB 1439 through SB 1442. SB 1014, also by Senator Grayson, would require local jurisdictions to provide early estimates of on-site and off-site improvements and limit later surprise requirements; supporters said it would reduce costly late-stage changes, while the City of San Mateo and county/city groups raised concerns about estimates being too speculative at the preliminary application stage. It passed 4-2 and remained on call. SB 1036, another Grayson bill, would require credit for prior site uses under the Mitigation Fee Act for redevelopment projects; it had broad support and passed unanimously. SB 1145 would streamline CEQA and surplus land procedures for the Concord Naval Weapons Station reuse project; supporters emphasized the long-planned 10,000-home transit-oriented redevelopment and labor agreements, while housing legal groups sought stronger affordability enforcement. The bill passed 6-0. The committee also heard SB 908 by Senator Wiener, which would streamline permits for energy-code-compliant window replacements and limit local and HOA design restrictions; supporters framed it as a way to lower energy bills and help affordable housing providers, while local government groups warned about overbroad state preemption and possible litigation exposure. It passed 3-1 and remained on call. SB 1172 by Senator Hurtado would place guardrails on tax-sharing consultant agreements, with the City of Shafter and League of California Cities supporting the measure as a taxpayer protection; it passed 4-0 and remained on call. SB 1379 by Senator Cervantes would separate the Riverside County Sheriff-Coroner and create an independent medical examiner in response to high in-custody death rates; supporters cited transparency and public trust, while the sheriff’s association and county representatives argued it would override local control and increase costs. The bill passed 4-1 and remained on call. SB 1283 by Senator Ashby would expand ministerial approval for EV charging stations to include canopies and on-site energy storage; supporters said it would modernize permitting and help fill charging gaps, while cities and counties raised safety, liability, and local review concerns. It passed 4-0 and remained on call. Later, SB 1414 by Senator Reyes proposed an independent redistricting commission for San Bernardino County. Supporters from Common Cause and the League of Women Voters said it would improve transparency and remove conflicts of interest from supervisorial map-drawing, while the county opposed the bill, citing its existing advisory commission and an estimated $2 million implementation cost. Senators Ashby and Arreguín voiced support for independent redistricting, and the committee continued discussion as the transcript ended.

Transcript Highlights:

• who all of the county and county staff who all of the county and county staff who could<00:59:57.720
• . counties. counties.
• control of county agencies. control of county agencies.
• <01:36:10.680> in<01:36:10.880> order county or a particular county in order county
• less than Scott County. less than Scott County.

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• > RTA<00:08:39.200> of County, Queen Anne's County, RTA of County, Queen Anne's County, RTA
• County. County.
• County. County.
• County. County.
• Baltimore County. Baltimore County.

Keywords: House streaming session for Thursday, January 22, 2026, 957, house, all

Summary: The House met in session with 127 members initially present, opened with prayer and the journal reading, and then took up introductory business. House Bills 394 through 444 were read the first time and referred to the appropriate committees, and Introductory House Bond Initiatives Number Two was referred to Appropriations. The Speaker also announced and the House adopted appointments to the Joint Committee on Legislative Ethics and the Joint Audit and Evaluation Committee. Most of the meeting consisted of committee and delegation announcements. Appropriations, Environment and Transportation, Health, Judiciary, and Ways and Means all announced briefings later that day, while several other committees said they would not meet. Delegations from Frederick, Anne Arundel, the Eastern Shore, Prince George’s, Montgomery, Charles, Baltimore City, Baltimore County, and Southern Maryland announced upcoming meetings, many by Zoom. A Montgomery County delegate also announced a Public Safety and Administration Subcommittee briefing on the Department of Social and Economic Mobility. The floor included multiple guest and caucus recognitions. The Women’s Caucus promoted a service drive for hygiene, baby, and women’s products for the YMCA Druid Hill pantry, and the Legislative Black Caucus announced new leadership, with Chair N. Scott Phillips and Senate Vice Chair Shaneka Henson. The House welcomed visitors for Maryland Bankers Association Day, Transportation Association of Maryland advocacy day, the Maryland chapter of the American Council of Engineering Companies, CPA Day, and sportsmen and sportswomen day, along with student visitors and a guest of a Prince George’s County delegate. No substantive debate or recorded votes occurred beyond the adoption of committee appointments, and the House adjourned until Friday, January 23 at 11:00 a.m.

Transcript Highlights:

• Charles County? Why not all 114 counties?
• Charles County. And St. Charles County is a very diverse county.
• Charles County. And St. Carl's County is a very diverse county. farm. And we're in St.
• Charles County. St. Charles County is a very diverse county.
• But my county is, I guess, kind of a sister to St. Charles County. I come from Christian County.

Summary: The committee heard testimony on Senate Bill 1002, which would move St. Charles County school board elections and school bond/levy questions from April to the November general election, extend school board terms to four years, and allow candidates to voluntarily list party affiliation. The bill sponsor and several supporters argued that November elections would increase turnout, broaden parent and taxpayer participation, reduce the influence of a small April electorate, and potentially save money. Supporters also said the change could make campaigning more feasible and help voters identify candidates’ general viewpoints. Opponents, including school board members, parents, the Missouri NEA, and the Missouri School Boards’ Association, argued that the bill unnecessarily singles out one county, would politicize school board races, and could bury local education issues on crowded November ballots. They also warned that moving levy and bond questions to November could reduce districts’ flexibility to address urgent needs, and that four-year terms could make recruitment harder and reduce accountability or institutional continuity. Several witnesses said school boards should remain nonpartisan and focused on governance, budgeting, and student needs rather than party labels. Committee members questioned the sponsor and witnesses about why the bill applies only to St. Charles County, whether staggered terms would be lost, and whether partisan labels would help or harm voters. Some members expressed support for the concept as a pilot or model, while others objected to the county-specific approach and the addition of party affiliation. The transcript does not show a final committee vote or other action on the bill.

Transcript Highlights:

• Quorum Court, the Perry County judge, myself, or Senator Rice, that covers Perry County?
• County clean water.
• more water structure into Perry County or benefits my county whatsoever.
• So I will do it with that, but my county is being hurt immensely, and I'm just wanting Perry County to
• Before redistricting, I had 98% of Perry County in my Senate district. I love the county.

Keywords: 1204, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Cuz I know our county poorer counties?
• My family's from Clark County. County. County.
• County. County.
• If each county do an audit 67 counties.
• where a county probate judge or a county where a county probate judge or a county official official

Keywords: 1136, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• These calculations are only for 37 counties. We have... ...are only for 37 counties.
• total valuation in these counties for 37 counties?
• So the county impact is anywhere from $4,000 in Renville County to a half a million dollars in Cass County
• County City County Library we have, it's a joint effort between the county and the city.
• He said he believed Cass County, his county, made an allowance for that and asked whether other counties

Keywords: 908, all

Summary: The committee met to continue its tax reform and relief study agenda, approved the December 3, 2025 minutes, and announced a new subcommittee to examine property tax statement issues with counties, auditors, and the tax office. Representative Headland was named chair, Senator Rummel vice chair, and Representatives Dressler and Dr. Dr. and Senator Patton were also assigned. The chair noted the group may need an additional meeting and thanked staff and attendees. A major portion of the meeting focused on economic development incentives. The Department of Commerce presented on the Renaissance Zone program and TIF districts, describing Renaissance Zones as locally tailored tools that combine local property tax relief with state income tax incentives. Commerce said the program has supported thousands of projects since 1999 and cited examples from Beach and Mandan showing increases in property and taxable value, business retention, housing, and downtown revitalization. Committee members raised concerns that smaller rural communities often lack the staff and expertise to apply, and Commerce said it provides outreach through conferences, office hours, and one-on-one assistance. League of Cities and local officials from Bismarck and Ellendale echoed the capacity issue, discussed how the programs have worked in their communities, and suggested possible reforms or more targeted support for small towns. Ellendale’s mayor also described two TIF districts, one for industrial infrastructure in Oaks and one for housing infrastructure tied to a data center project in Ellendale. The committee then turned to stripper oil taxation. The Tax Department gave a comparison of oil and gas tax structures in selected states, noting that most have some form of stripper or marginal well provision, while Alaska does not appear to have a specific stripper-well exemption. Members asked for more detail on definitions and North Dakota’s annual adjusted rate. The Department of Mineral Resources followed with a detailed presentation on North Dakota stripper wells, explaining the statutory thresholds, the 12-consecutive-month production test, and the fact that once a well qualifies it remains on stripper status even if production later rises. DMR said about 11,332 stripper wells are active, representing roughly 54% of wells and about 16% of state production, and emphasized that stripper status can extend well life, preserve tax revenue, and reduce orphaned wells. Committee members and industry witnesses discussed refracs, the economics of keeping marginal wells active, and the competitive disadvantage created by North Dakota’s oil price discount. No votes were taken on these informational items.

Transcript Highlights:

• We looked at two counties, Tarrant County versus Dallas County, from 2022 to 2025.
• The tale of two counties study you had, did it also show whether either county or both counties or neither
• The tale of two counties study you had, did it also show whether either county or both counties or in
• County.
• in Harris County.

Keywords: 1185, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• The second bucket would be for counties and tribes, and the third bucket would be county-to-county capacity
• Ramsey County residents.
• Ramsey County residents.
• Ramsey County residents.
• County shelters come from Ramsey County County shelters come from Ramsey County say<01:48:13.760

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Let that county EM share it with the other counties in that region.
• But it tells us the risk associated with a certain county or a certain process within that county.
• It tells us the risk associated with a certain county or a certain process within that county and lets
• , having the county...
• You know, 67 counties varying degrees of experience specifically, and I'll say with our county EMs.

Summary: The committee received a program review from the Florida Division of Emergency Management on the 2024 hurricane season and FEMA reimbursement process. Deputy Director Keith Pruitt described the impacts of Hurricanes Debby, Helene, and Milton, including major storm surge, flooding, tornadoes, debris removal, power restoration, flood-control deployments, sheltering, and logistics missions. He emphasized that Florida’s approach is “federally funded, state managed, locally executed,” and said the division has already obligated large amounts of public assistance funding and mitigation dollars while continuing to work on remaining missions and reimbursements. A major focus of the discussion was how local governments can better document and vet debris-removal and other disaster costs so they are eligible for FEMA reimbursement. Chair DiCeglie and other senators raised concerns about local planning, commercial debris collection, and whether counties and municipalities that spend money up front will be reimbursed. Pruitt explained that eligibility depends on documentation, scope of work, insurance, and FEMA rules, and that the state’s FROC process is intended to help counties identify eligible work before costs are incurred. He also said commercial debris may be eligible in some cases but is not guaranteed, and that counties should coordinate early with FDEM and FEMA. Senators also asked about possible FEMA reforms, the age of outstanding reimbursement claims, and a proposed state fund to advance money to fiscally constrained counties while they wait for FEMA payments. Pruitt said Florida’s system is a national best practice, but that more county-level training and clearer coordination would help reduce de-obligations and audit problems. He said the reimbursement-advance idea is still being developed, and that the state continues to look at ways to streamline mitigation through programs like Elevate Florida. The committee took no formal action beyond hearing the presentation, and the meeting adjourned after closing comments from senators praising FDEM’s work.

Transcript Highlights:

• you know and I know one um uh NOA County you know and I know one um uh NOA County uh<00:02:24.319
• <01:08:23.920> attorneys<01:08:24.799> County some handled by County attorneys County
• In Hennepin County, this county share is projected to be about $20 million annually.
• of Minnesota Counties and the Minnesota Inter-County Association.
• mic<01:19:05.600> is tramy County otter tale County so mic is tramy County otter tale

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• or sub-county special taxing district decide 15% of the electors in the county or sub-county special
• Putnam County is a small rural county with 77,000 people.
• Our small counties are authorized to levy a small county surtax.
• And Miami-Dade County, there's one that only impacts Miami-Dade County.
• We just re-up our EDC in my county. We just re-upped our TDC in my county.

Summary: The Ways and Means Committee met on March 20, 2025, and first approved HB 4025, creating the Duke Farm Stewardship District in Lee County, on a 17-0 vote. The committee then advanced HJR 1215, which proposes a constitutional amendment to exempt agricultural tangible personal property from property tax, after extended debate about the fiscal impact on counties, especially rural and fiscally constrained ones; it passed 16-1. HB 411 also passed unanimously after an amendment, extending affordable housing tax exemption treatment to certain nonprofit projects on leased land, including Habitat for Humanity projects. The committee likewise approved CS/HB 669, allowing local governments to purchase certain unrated bonds, and CS/HB 4017, codifying the Vermont Drainage District charter in Charlotte County, both without opposition. The committee also approved HJR 1039, which would let the Legislature prevent assessed-value increases for homestead properties that are improved to mitigate flood damage, and the related implementing bill HB 1041; both passed 17-0. Public testimony on these items included some opposition to the flood-related amendment, but no floor debate changed the outcome. The final major item was CS/HB 1221 by Rep. Miller, which would require local option taxes to be renewed by voter referendum every eight years, with longer terms allowed for bonded projects. That bill drew the most extensive testimony and debate, with counties, tourism groups, and local officials warning about impacts on tourism funding, infrastructure, schools, and public safety, while supporters argued for taxpayer accountability and periodic review. After debate, the committee reported the bill favorably on a 13-4 vote.

Transcript Highlights:

• The issue behind this bill was brought to me by my county commissioners in Webb County and I hope that
• We have you registered as John Gallo, county commissioner for Webb County. Is that correct?
• were small counties.
• I know Dallas and Denton County, which are a little larger, well, several actually very large counties
• I would say that Tarrant County, Dallas County, Bexar County are having maybe not the same amount because

Transcript Highlights:

• That's Orange County.
• That response clarifies that the county attorney in Orange County is wrong.
• The county attorney in Orange County believes that the county can come in and take property rights from
• The county attorney in Orange County believes that the county can come in and take property rights from
• We talked about Orange County and Seminole County.

Summary: The Senate opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, and several guest and staff introductions. The chamber then took up returning messages from the House and acted on multiple bills, with votes recorded on each. Senate Bill 628 on transportation facility designations was concurred in as amended and passed 31-4 after discussion about naming roads for deceased individuals and an exception for President Trump. The House amendment to the Live Local affordable housing package, CS/CS/HB 1389, was also concurred in and passed 35-0; Senator Claudio explained it as the fourth iteration of the Live Local Act, including new provisions allowing certain affordable housing on qualifying religious property, extending some timelines, and removing accessory dwelling unit language. CS/CS/HB 1451 on utility services was concurred in and passed 30-6 after questions about phasing out surcharges and reporting requirements. The chamber also substituted CS/CS/HB 1279 for SB 7038 and adopted an education amendment package before passing the bill 36-1, while several other measures were temporarily postponed. The Senate then considered CS/CS/SB 484 on data centers and concurred in the House amendment 383-957, passing the bill 31-6. Senator Avila said the amendment strengthened ratepayer protections, required a PSC tariff filing, and directed an OPAGA study on large-scale data centers. Several senators pressed concerns about the removal of the Senate’s nondisclosure agreement prohibition, the possibility of delayed public awareness of data center projects, and whether costs could be shifted to other ratepayers; Avila responded that the amendment preserved local land-use authority and that ratepayer costs could not be borne by the general body of ratepayers. Debate reflected a split between senators who supported the bill as a needed regulatory framework and those who objected to the transparency changes and the loss of the Senate’s original NDA language. Later, the Senate took up land use and development regulations, substituting CS/CS/CS/HB 399 for SB 208. An amendment by Senator Jones to remove language affecting a Fontainebleau Hotel water park project in Miami Beach failed 17-20 after debate over local control and preemption. Senator McLean’s amendments then added a sunset date and other changes, and Senator Claudio’s amendment preserved Miami-Dade’s urban development boundary supermajority protections and related planning provisions. The chamber then began extended debate on Senator Martin’s amendment creating a process for property owners to challenge rural boundary designations and seek compensation or removal from the designation without going to court; supporters framed it as a property-rights and due-process measure, while opponents argued it would undermine local planning, impose costs on taxpayers, and weaken voter-approved rural boundaries in Orange and Seminole counties. The transcript ends amid that debate, with no final vote shown on the rural boundary amendment in the excerpt provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• Louis County, but I've... ...through politics in Jefferson County. I'm in St.
• Louis County, but I've sat at his table at Lincoln Days in Jefferson County year after year.
• Louis County, but I've sat at his table at Lincoln Days in Jefferson County year after year.
• And the county commission then can have some impact on those third- and fourth-class counties.
• Does the gentleman from Cole County yield to an inquiry from the lady from St. Louis County?

Summary: The House convened with prayer and the Pledge of Allegiance, then approved the House Journal for the prior day by a 125-0 roll call vote. The chamber spent a large portion of the session on personal privileges and memorials, honoring former Representative Ken Waller and Rawls County teenager Keaton O’Neill, with a moment of silence observed for O’Neill. Members also introduced several guests, including a deployed Marine, legislative visitors, family members, and an intern who was made a page for the day. The House then considered several committee reports and Senate amendments. On House Bills 2637 and 3155, members discussed a broad criminal justice package that included technical fixes to prior sentencing legislation, sex offender registry changes, drone restrictions tied to major events, health care-related provisions, and prosecutor salary adjustments; the House voted to refuse the Senate substitute and request a conference. House Bill 2593, a bipartisan military and veterans measure, was adopted and finally passed 137-1 and 138-1 after debate highlighting cybersecurity protections, Service Members Civil Relief Act language, TRICARE protections, expanded military leave, National Guard benefits, and other support for service members and families. The House also adopted and finally passed House Bill 2974, a licensure reciprocity and telehealth bill that expands interstate practice options for certain health professionals and is intended to improve rural health access; the votes were 109-29 on adoption and 108-30 on final passage. House Bill 2108, a Jefferson City land conveyance and infrastructure bill related to the viaduct and safety improvements, was adopted and finally passed 138-1 and 138-2 after discussion of the state’s transfer of property to the city and an added land provision involving Northwest Missouri State University and Nodaway County. The chamber then received Senate messages on HB 2596 and HB 2637/3155, appointed conference committees, announced upcoming committee meetings, and adjourned until April 28, 2026.

Transcript Highlights:

• Quorum Court, the Perry County judge, myself, or Senator Rice, that covers Perry County?
• County clean water.
• more water structure into Perry County or benefits my county whatsoever, so I will do it with that.
• Pulaski County doesn't seem to matter here. These rural counties.
• Before redistricting, I had 98% of Perry County in my Senate district. I love the county.

Summary: The committee met to consider a series of appropriation, reserve transfer, and grant requests. Early items included temporary appropriations for the Department of Education’s Educational Freedom Account program ($32 million), the State Crime Lab ($476,000), and DFA Assessment Coordination ($90,000), along with a $1 ARPA return from the Department of Health. The committee approved these items after brief questions, including a discussion about contract cost increases at Assessment Coordination and a clarification that the $1 ARPA item was simply an unused-funds return. The most extensive discussion centered on the Department of Education’s EFA funding. Members questioned the growth in participation, the use of one-time funds and restricted reserves, and safeguards against fraud or improper purchases. Agency officials said about 44,000 students were being funded, that purchases are reviewed and flagged for unusual activity, and that homeschool students are not required to buy a curriculum so long as purchases are eligible and approved. The committee approved the EFA appropriation and related reserve transfer, and officials said the governor’s proposed budget would include the program in the RSA going forward. The committee also approved a DHS reallocation request and reviewed a building authority loan for a data center power supply replacement. In the federal grant section, members discussed a Department of Agriculture request for Central Arkansas Water to acquire land in the Maumelle watershed. Debate focused on the environmental benefits versus local property-tax and development concerns in Perry County, with testimony from the agency, Central Arkansas Water, and Potlatch about watershed protection, public access, and potential development impacts. After extended discussion, the committee adopted a motion to defer the item to the full Legislative Council and asked the department to remove the Perry County portion from the request, limiting the grant-funded purchase to Pulaski County property. The committee then reviewed remaining items, including a Veterans Affairs pay-plan appropriation, and adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• THAT NUMBER OF 84 TO 100 DAYS SPECIFIC EXAMPLE FROM BROWARD COUNTY. >> Chair McClain: ANY OTHER COUNTIES
• AS A COUNTY COMMISSIONER AND MAYOR OF THAT COUNTY WE IMPLEMENTED PROGRAMS.
• I CHIP INTO YOUR COUNTIES.
• I AM THE ORANGE COUNTY SOIL AND WATER SUPERVISOR FOR DISTRICT 5 SO EASTERN ORANGE COUNTY.
• I WAS ON THE COUNTY COMMISSION.

Keywords: 999, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• This will bring Palm Beach Representative Casello: County into alignment with 63 other counties.
• Don Donaldson, Martin County Board of County Commissioners, waives in support.
• This is a local bill on behalf of Nassau County and the County Board of Commissioners.
• As a former county commissioner with six-plus years as a county commissioner, I was chairman of my County
• counties have held it, but probably everyone, every person in those counties and it's 53 counties probably

Transcript Highlights:

• And so there are some rural counties like Calais County, for example, that does.
• They work for the county.
• I'll just say that these are very county-by-county-based decisions.
• It depends county on county, how they choose to hire.
• If the counties don't, if the counties don't... It falls to the counties to figure it out.

Summary: The work session began with a discussion of expanding opportunities in the legal profession, especially in response to shortages of lawyers in rural Washington and in public service roles. Washington State Bar Executive Director Tara Nevitt described a slowly growing but aging attorney population, noted that younger attorneys have declined, and outlined efforts such as supervised practice pathways to bar admission, reduced admission-by-motion experience requirements, expanded law clerk capacity, rural job fairs and grants, and a pilot program allowing innovative legal service delivery models. Members asked about bar passage score changes, loan repayment assistance, and the former Limited License Legal Technician program; Nevitt said the bar is monitoring other states and remains in dialogue with the court about paraprofessional licensing. Law school representatives from UW, Seattle University, and Gonzaga emphasized public service pipelines, financial barriers, and rural legal deserts, citing LRAPs, scholarships, stipends, clinics, and hybrid or regional programs designed to recruit and retain students in Washington. Seattle U highlighted its FlexJD and hybrid hub partnerships in underserved areas, while Gonzaga and UW reported substantial shares of graduates entering public service, though most still cluster in urban regions. The committee also heard from the Washington Association of Prosecuting Attorneys and the Office of Public Defense, both of which described severe recruitment and retention problems in rural counties, with vacancies, low applicant pools, and the need for higher salaries, housing help, internships, and loan support. The Office of Public Defense said its internship and fellowship program, created by SB 5780, has already placed interns in rural counties and produced some commitments to return after graduation. The Washington State Bar’s law clerk program was also presented as a pathway that helps people train locally and remain in their communities, including by supporting succession for aging solo practitioners. The committee then shifted to family law and guardianship issues. On Title 26 guardian ad litem practice, presenters from Northwest Justice Project and private family law practice said GALs can play an important role but that training, oversight, and consistency remain major concerns, especially in domestic violence cases. They described problems such as inadequate training, bias, inconsistent recommendations, high fees, and lack of accountability, and suggested stronger, standardized training, more use of mental health professionals for custody evaluations, and better oversight mechanisms. Members asked about county practices, including rotation systems for GAL appointments and whether King County’s family court assessors provide a useful model. The discussion then moved to minor guardianships under the Uniform Guardianship Act. A Superior Court judge said the 2021 changes increased the need for court visitors and appointed counsel, but courts are struggling to find qualified attorneys and visitors, especially in rural areas. A former commissioner said most of the bill under discussion was technical cleanup to align prior amendments, though it would add some fiscal burdens. Administrative Office of the Courts staff reported that the statewide reimbursement program for UGA implementation has repeatedly run out of money earlier each year, with minor guardianship costs making up most of the expense. The Office of Public Guardianship then described rapid growth in demand for adult guardianship and less restrictive alternatives, noting that referrals and caseloads have risen sharply, but that the office is constrained by a shortage of certified professional guardians and low compensation levels. Finally, the committee began an update on Blake implementation from the Office of Civil Legal Aid, which funds civil legal services related to the decision, before the transcript cut off.