Video & Transcript Research : 'student representative'

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WY

Wyoming 2026 Regular Session

Senate Education Committee, February 13, 2026

Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • <00:19:55.280> I students across the state. I students across the state.
  • Going to say, but as a senator, I feel obligated to say that I represent all students at the University
  • So this is your in-the-classroom for all students appropriate literacy program. students.
  • literacy instruction for all students. literacy instruction for all students.
  • are we not focusing on those students? are we not focusing on those students?
Bills: HB0076, HB0102, HB0115
TX
Transcript Highlights:
  • For each student.
  • Thank you, Archer, and we have the opportunity to hear from another representative, Representative Maza
  • Uh, I represent Irving in the state legislature.
  • Thank you so much, Representative Maza. That's so, uh, great.
  • We need to support our students.
ND

North Dakota 2025-2026 Regular Session

House Floor Session Apr 7th, 2025 at 01:00 pm

North Dakota House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • We have students from the Ned Rose School, who are guests of Representative Van Winkle and Representative
  • Representative M.
  • Representative M.
  • Speaker, and Representative Louser, no. This policy just pertains to students. If I may continue?
  • Representative Kamee. Mr. Speaker. Representative Klamy. Mr.
Keywords: 908, all
Summary: The North Dakota House convened with prayer, roll call, and recognition of guests and student visitors, then moved through a long calendar of resolutions and bills. Early in the session, members honored Mandan High School’s e-sports team for state championships and recognized House Minority Leader Zachary Ista’s birthday. The House then passed HCR 3037 unanimously, urging mandatory reporting requirements for public officials, after committee support and remarks emphasizing accountability in public office. The chamber then considered numerous Senate amendments and final-passage votes on bills covering ambulance service grants (HB 1597), Public Service Commission records and open meetings (HB 1110 and HB 1063), squatter/trespass law (HB 1305), nonconforming structures in local governments (HB 1500), academic tenure policy (HB 1437), retirement eligibility for correctional officers and state radio dispatchers (HB 1274 and HB 1419), a Medicaid dental study (HB 1567), above-ground fuel storage tank regulation (HB 1058), gaming site authorization procedures (HB 1615), an oil extraction tax incentive outside the Bakken and Three Forks formations (HB 1483), and simple assault protections for hospital workers (HB 1341). Most of these measures passed, though HB 1231, which would have created a study on early discontinuation of sex offender registration, failed on final passage. A major point of debate was Senate Bill 2354, which would restrict student use of personal electronic devices during the school day in public and nonpublic schools, with exceptions for medical and special education needs and annual reporting on impacts. Supporters argued it would improve focus, behavior, and mental health, while opponents raised concerns about private-school regulation, logistics, liability, and duplication with a similar bill. The House passed SB 2354, and also passed SB 2112, which temporarily authorizes the Life Skills and Transition Center to serve certain non-eligible youth in crisis, despite objections that the facility should remain focused on developmental disabilities and concerns about repeating past institutional problems. The House also debated and rejected HB 1300 on legislative term limits after extensive discussion about whether the Senate’s date change altered the effect of the voter-approved measure. The session ended with announcements, committee notices, and adjournment until April 8, 2025.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

Senate Education Finance (02/19/2025)

Education Finance

Transcript Highlights:
  • scholarships that were going to students scholarships that were going to students at<00:31:48.919
  • <00:34:26.320> our<00:34:26.480> students<00:34:26.800> in behalf of uh student
  • our students in behalf of uh student our students in public<00:34:27.280> schools public schools
  • and um until I you know we have students and um until I you know we have students in<00:34:31.480
  • Representative Tony, Mr.
Keywords: 1191, senate, all
FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • We are preparing students for careers that matter.
  • The student are per student funding decline.
  • Receive less than 4,000 in state funding peart per student per full-time student.
  • Sorry. per student per full-time student. Sorry. And this is significant.
  • We've gotten a lot of transfer students and that's giving us a lot of new students and started new masters
Keywords: 999, senate, all
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Licensing & Administrative Procedures Mar 25th, 2025

Licensing & Administrative Procedures

Transcript Highlights:
  • student permit.
  • Without a photo of the student, without a photo on the student permit, it is easier for human traffickers
  • , you know, is this, is this a student here?
  • But one important point I want to make is that it's incumbent upon the student to get a student permit
  • Uh, I'm not representing my university here.
OK

Oklahoma 2026 Regular Session

Postsecondary Education Apr 7th, 2026 at 10:30 am

Postsecondary Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • It allows an institution to charge a security fee to a student or student organization, but it prohibits
  • So then it would be for all first-year students, transfer students, as well as all faculty, is that correct
  • Have a question, Representative Le.
  • Representative McCain, thank you. Mr.
  • Vice Chairman, Representative So I just want to clarify: if students are taking these tests and they
FL

Florida 2026 Regular Session

Appropriations Committee on Higher Education Apr 15th, 2025

Appropriations Committee on Higher Education

Transcript Highlights:
  • We are preparing students for careers that matter.
  • Yet, because state funding does not follow the student, our per-student funding declined.
  • I believe in its mission and its students.
  • We've also worked with a lot of transfer students. We've gotten a lot of transfer students in.
  • I was a student at Daytona State College.
Summary: The committee heard and voted on two higher education bills before moving to a long series of university and college board appointment confirmations. CS/SB 742 would let charter schools directly access the Workforce Development Capitalization Incentive Grant Program for career and technical education programs tied to industry certifications, and would expand the money-back guarantee requirement from three to six programs at career centers and Florida College System institutions. A question was raised about whether the charter school access could reduce district funding or grant availability; the sponsor said it could, depending on available funds. The bill was supported by one appearance form and was reported favorably. The committee also heard SB 892, which codifies the Florida State University Election Law Center so it can continue and receive recurring funding. The sponsor and FSU witnesses said the center is nonpartisan and focused on evidence-based research, especially on election administration issues related to natural disasters and public confidence in elections. After testimony and questions, including about the center’s scope and funding, the bill was reported favorably. The remainder of the meeting consisted of testimony from numerous appointees to boards of trustees for state colleges and universities, including Tallahassee State College, Valencia College, New College, Pensacola State College, Florida Gulf Coast University, University of North Florida, St. Johns River State College, Palm Beach State College, Santa Fe College, Daytona State College, and Florida Atlantic University. Most nominees emphasized their personal ties to the institutions, support for workforce education, student success, and local economic development. Several highlighted priorities such as keeping tuition affordable, expanding internships and career pathways, strengthening nursing and other workforce programs, and improving graduation and retention rates. Some appointees also described campus-specific goals, including research growth at FAU and Harbor Branch, community engagement at New College, and continued support for health care workforce partnerships at FGCU. The most notable exchange came during testimony from Dr. Joel Rudman for the Pensacola State College board, where Senator Leek questioned him extensively about prior public comments that appeared to reference threats and drug testing legislators. Rudman said his remarks were aimed at Florida House members and not the Senate, denied any knowledge of illicit drug use by current or former senators, and said he was speaking candidly as a private citizen. Public testimony on his nomination included both support and strong opposition, with one speaker praising his community service and another warning about his alleged disruptive behavior and social media posts. The committee also heard from several supporters and appointees who were not questioned further, and the meeting ended with plans to vote on the appointments after all testimony was completed.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Formal House Session 46 Jun 21st, 2026 at 11:00 am

Massachusetts House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • The voting stations of Representative Kismarik, Representative Lawn, Representative Lombardo, and Representative
  • The challenges facing our most vulnerable students.
  • And students with disabilities, ensuring that these students receive both English language development
  • On roll call number 49, Representative Cruz of Salem votes yes.
  • At the request of Representatives Duffy of Holyoke and Representative Gomez of East Hampton, will the
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The House met with several welcoming and ceremonial items at the start, including recognition of visiting school groups and a special order to escort Representative-elect Hannah L. Bowen to the Governor’s Office to be qualified. Members also observed moments of silence honoring former Senator Louis P. Bertinazzi and former Representative Evelyn B. Chesky, and the Secretary of the Commonwealth’s notice of the 6th Essex District special election results was placed on file, with congratulations extended to Representative Owen of Beverly. The main business was consideration of House 4150, a fiscal year 2025 supplemental appropriations bill totaling about $529.8 million. The House suspended rules, advanced the bill through second and third reading, and later passed it to be engrossed. A consolidated amendment was adopted by a vote of 149-1, and the bill itself passed to be engrossed by 149-1. The House also took up Senate 2508, establishing a sick leave bank for Andrew Cetra of the trial court, and ordered it to a third reading. Two floor amendments drew debate and were adopted by roll call. Amendment 61, offered by Representatives Peisch and Moran, codified protections and practices for English language learners and students with disabilities, including district responsibilities for identification, services, assessments, and nondiscrimination; it passed 148-1. Amendment 27, offered by Representative Rogers, clarified that post-certified law enforcement officers at private colleges and universities are included in firearms-related exemptions under the state’s firearms modernization law; it passed 151-0. The House then adopted an order to meet the next day at 11 a.m. and adjourned in memory of Representative Chesky.
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

01/12/2026 - Senate Floor Session - Opening Day Ceremony

Arizona Senate Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Our online campus now is at 108,000 students. It's going to grow to 200,000 students.
  • it to 50,000 students.
  • Our online campus now is at 108,000 students. It's going to grow to 200,000 students.
  • The fourth thing is students.
  • I'm very excited to serve with Representative Pingerelli and Representative Rooks.
Keywords: 1182, all
Summary: The Arizona Senate convened for the opening day of the second regular session of the 57th Legislature with prayer, presentation of colors, the pledge, and the national anthem, then recorded attendance and welcomed members and guests. Senate leadership reflected on the chamber’s prior session, emphasizing member-driven budgeting, committee authority, tax cuts, and a conservative agenda under divided government. The Senate also heard an opening-day address from Grand Canyon University President Brian Mueller, who argued Arizona could reduce poverty by aligning education and workforce training with projected job growth, including expanded degree, online, apprenticeship, and technical programs, along with AI skills and neighborhood investment in west Phoenix. The body then handled organizational business. Members adopted a motion to simplify reading of bills and memorials, appointed a committee to notify the House and Governor that the Senate was organized, and received the House’s reciprocal notice that it was ready for business. Senators also introduced numerous guests, including family members, local officials, law enforcement leaders, education advocates, tribal leaders, and community representatives. Several members used their introductions to highlight policy interests such as victim rights, water, housing, public safety, education, and support for historic neighborhoods and tribal communities. The Senate adopted an amendment to Senate Rule 7A and then adopted the rules of the 57th Legislature as amended. It also approved committee assignments for standing and statutory committees, including Appropriations, Education, Finance, Government, Military Affairs and Border Security, Natural Resources, Rules, Legislative Council, Legislative Audit, and the Joint Legislative Budget Committee. The chamber requested House consent to adjourn from January 15 to January 20, 2026, after completing its work. A long list of bills was introduced and assigned to committees, covering topics such as health care, education, public safety, elections, housing, water, immigration-related reporting, cryptocurrency, transportation, and other regulatory matters. The Senate then announced committee schedules and adjourned until January 14, 2026, at 1:15 p.m.
MA

Massachusetts 2025-2026 Regular Session

Joint Committee on Mental Health, Substance Use and Recovery Jun 21st, 2026 at 01:00 pm

Joint Committee on Mental Health, Substance Use and Recovery

Transcript Highlights:
  • Michelle Dubois, Representative Kate Donaghue, Representative Colleen Garry, Representative Russell Holmes
  • , Representative John Moran, Representative Sean Reid, Representative Susannah Whipps, Representative
  • Steven Xiarhos, Representative David Muradian, and Representative Steven Howitt.
  • They represent our children, our friends' children, our students, and our neighbors.
  • Not every student feels comfortable asking an adult for help, but a phone number on the back of a student
Keywords: 995, all
Summary: The Joint Committee on Mental Health, Substance Use and Recovery opened its first public hearing of the 2025–26 session with remarks from the Senate and House chairs outlining the committee’s priorities. They noted recent work on addiction and recovery legislation, the ongoing youth behavioral health crisis, and that members might need to leave periodically for floor votes. The chairs explained hearing procedures, including three-minute testimony limits, written testimony deadlines, and reporting deadlines for Senate and House bills. The hearing then focused on several bills related to youth mental health, overdose prevention, and psychedelic treatment research. A major portion of the hearing centered on bills to improve youth crisis response and overdose prevention. Testimony strongly supported bills to print the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline on student ID cards, with speakers from mental health organizations, crisis centers, and individuals sharing personal stories of depression, suicide attempts, and the importance of making 988 as familiar as 911. Another set of bills would require schools to stock naloxone and provide overdose prevention education. Physicians, harm reduction advocates, students, and grieving family members testified that school-based Narcan access and education could save lives, reduce stigma, and help students recognize overdoses and understand Good Samaritan protections. Senator O’Connor and Tamika Perry also testified for a bill to strengthen substance use prevention education and reduce overdose abandonment, emphasizing the need to teach students about overdose risks and the legal protections for calling 911. The committee also heard testimony on a bill to authorize a pilot program for psychedelic treatment in licensed facilities. Senator Friedman and several medical and behavioral health professionals argued the proposal was a narrow, research-based approach distinct from the broader ballot question rejected in 2024. They said the bill would allow only a small number of supervised clinics to use psychedelics for conditions such as depression, PTSD, anxiety, and substance use disorders, with data reporting and Department of Public Health oversight. Supporters described it as a cautious way to study promising treatments while avoiding unsupervised or commercialized use. Finally, the committee heard support for a bill to create a special commission and five-year strategic plan for children’s behavioral health services, with testimony that the current system is fragmented, difficult for families to navigate, and strained by workforce and funding challenges. No votes or final actions were taken during the hearing; the committee primarily received testimony and questions on the bills.
TX

Texas 89th 2nd C.S.

Public Health Jun 4th, 2026

Public Health

Transcript Highlights:
  • Thank you, Representative Jones. Representative Jones. Two quick questions.
  • The orange line represents demand, while the blue line represents supply.
  • But I also have a plea from 28 rural West Texas high school students representing 14 West Texas counties
  • as a representative.
  • They represent outliers. They represent providers whose billing behavior.
Keywords: 1184, house, all
AL

Alabama 2026 1st Special Session

Alabama House Mar 3rd, 2026

Alabama House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • . represent. represent.
  • Representative<01:07:44.760> Halsey. Representative Halsey. Representative Halsey.
  • Chair recognizes the gentleman from Clark, Representative Jackson. students in that school system.
  • Representative Kill. Representative Kill.
  • Representative<02:48:57.760> Green. Representative Green. Representative Green.
Keywords: 1136, house, all
OK
Transcript Highlights:
  • So we know that the longer school is ideal for student learning.
  • It's a formulary based on a percentage of students.
  • Is that represented in your slides, or do you know it is not represented in these slides, which kind
  • Take student A.
  • Representative Lowe, you're recognized. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Keywords: 914, all
AZ

Arizona 2026 Regular Session

04/01/2026 - House Floor Session

Arizona House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Representative Cesar Aguilar, Representative Lorena Austin, Representative Walt Blackman, and Representative
  • Representative Walt Blackman and Representative Mariana Sandoval. Representative Austin.
  • Representative Neil Carter continued: “Public school students, folks.
  • Representative Olson continued: “The only question that remains for us is, do we want Arizona students
  • Representative Alma Hernandez, Representative Consuelo Hernandez, Representative Lydia Hernandez.
Keywords: 1182, all
Summary: The House opened with prayer, the Pledge of Allegiance, guest introductions, and a proclamation recognizing April 1, 2026, as NCAA Women’s Basketball Final Four in Arizona Day. Members also highlighted visitors from the Arizona Psychiatric Society, Tucson International Airport, and Autism Bringing Change, along with remarks tied to World Autism Day and Passover. The chamber then considered several Senate bills in Committee of the Whole. SB 1024, SB 1078, SB 1123, SB 1164, SB 1232, SB 1293, SB 1493 as amended, SB 1520, and SB 1572 all received do-pass recommendations, while SB 1665 was retained on the calendar. SB 1142 drew the most debate, with supporters describing it as conformity with a federal scholarship tax credit that would help Arizona students, and opponents arguing it would further divert public dollars to private education and expand voucher-like programs without accountability. Despite the opposition, the bill received a do-pass recommendation. Members also debated SB 1293, which would limit how GPLET property tax abatements can affect school district taxes; supporters said it would prevent unequal treatment and protect statewide taxpayers, while opponents warned it could hinder housing and economic development. SB 1572, requiring Celebrate Freedom Week civics instruction, was supported as a civics and civic-health measure and opposed as an unfunded mandate that bypasses the State Board of Education. SB 1160, as amended, addressing drone restrictions near venues, was defended as a public safety measure and criticized as overbroad and potentially criminalizing innocent conduct. On third reading, the House passed SB 1097 unanimously, SB 1166 and SB 1216 by wide margins, and SB 1787 by a narrower 31-24 vote. The House then adopted the Committee of the Whole reports, placed several bills on third reading or engrossing, and adjourned until April 2, 2026.
MN

Minnesota 2025 1st Special Session

Committee on Education Policy - 03/10/25

Education Policy

Transcript Highlights:
  • student Achievement High School students student Achievement High School students currently<00:05
  • I’ve been a representative of a student council and Black Student Union during my upperclassman years
  • I feel that students are best represented when they're able to put their time and effort into what they're
  • when students are best represented when students are best represented when they're<00:42:02.520>
  • If a student does not have that ID, a student can get a notarized College Board student ID in order to
Keywords: 1187, senate, all
FL
Transcript Highlights:
  • This addresses the shortage of school counselors to enable student success.
  • Hi, my name is Akeesh Bonhom, and I'm here representing MAST at FIU. Oh, awesome.
  • , because students matter a lot.
  • We have one trust counselor for a body of 1,600 students.
  • high school students.
Summary: The Appropriations Committee on Pre-K-12 Education met with a quorum and first temporarily postponed SB 920 on mathematics education. The committee then took up SB 1216, which would revise public school personnel compensation rules to give districts more flexibility in using cost-of-living adjustments, recognizing advanced degrees, and adjusting performance pay limits for educators and other school personnel. Senator Rodriguez said the bill would add tools for recruitment and retention without replacing performance pay, and several members spoke in strong support, emphasizing teacher pay, retention, and the need to invest in education. The bill was reported favorably after roll call. The committee next considered SB 1036 on school counselors. Senator Claudio explained that the bill addresses counselor shortages by removing a barrier tied to classroom-teacher certification requirements, which she said limits the applicant pool and makes it harder to recruit and retain counselors. Public testimony strongly supported the bill, including students and school personnel who described high counselor-to-student ratios, limited access to counseling, and the importance of mental health and academic guidance. Members also discussed related support roles such as BRACE advisors and the need for more efficient use of district resources and state support. During debate, senators shared personal examples of how counselors can help students identify goals and access opportunities, while also noting that many counselors are overwhelmed by administrative duties and large caseloads. Senator Claudio closed by saying the bill removes barriers for direct-service professionals and could be paired with future efforts on ratios and streamlined services. CS for SB 1036 was reported favorably by roll call. At the end of the meeting, members recorded their votes on SB 1216, and the committee adjourned.
CA
Transcript Highlights:
  • that participated were represented in the largest student body.
  • A-Plus represents 119 flex-based charter schools and serves over 128,000 students across California.
  • Because of this, more students feel supported, more students feel like they belong, and more students
  • Our students are children at the end of the day, the same children who represent our future.
  • Our students are children at the end of the day, the same children who represent our future.
Keywords: 987, senate, all
Summary: The Senate Budget Subcommittee on Education heard the Governor’s proposals for universal school meals, the Expanded Learning Opportunities Program (ELOP), and community schools, with the kitchen infrastructure grants, Tier 2 ELOP funding, and ongoing community schools funding as the main budget issues. For universal meals, the Department of Education and the Department of Finance supported continued investment in school meal infrastructure and explained that federal changes, inflation, and underreporting in meal counts could affect future funding. The LAO recommended rejecting a fourth round of kitchen infrastructure grants, arguing prior rounds are still being spent and that future funding should be tied to clearer goals and data. Several public commenters and school groups supported continued kitchen grants and universal meals, citing supply-chain delays, workforce needs, and benefits such as more freshly prepared meals and higher participation. For ELOP, the administration proposed $4.7 billion ongoing Proposition 98 funding and an additional $62.4 million to set a minimum Tier 2 rate of $1,800 per pupil. The LAO recommended fully fixing the Tier 2 rate at $1,579 and tying future changes to program requirements, while CDE supported the proposal and said the program is improving attendance and academic outcomes. Senators and witnesses discussed whether ELOP should remain a standalone program or be folded into LCFF, with concerns raised about accountability, flexibility, and whether the program should better serve older youth. CDE said new CalPADS reporting and the biennial report will provide more data soon, and public testimony largely supported stabilizing Tier 2 funding while also asking for more support for middle and high school students. For community schools, the Governor proposed $1 billion ongoing Proposition 98 funding to expand the model to thousands more schools and to support existing sites, along with new accountability through annual self-certification and future accreditation. The LAO recommended continuing the current one-time grant approach instead of creating a new ongoing categorical program, warning about reduced flexibility, administrative burden, and the state’s capacity to support a much larger number of grantees. CDE strongly supported the ongoing funding and asked for additional support for county offices and technical assistance. Committee members questioned how accreditation would work for a model meant to be locally tailored, and administration staff said technical assistance would come first, with schools losing eligibility only if they failed to meet standards after support. Public testimony was overwhelmingly supportive of community schools, with parents, students, county offices, and advocacy groups describing gains in attendance, graduation, mental health supports, family engagement, and student belonging, while some commenters urged clearer eligibility rules, stronger reporting, and continued support for related programs such as MTSS and homeless student services.
NH

New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session

House Children and Family Law (05/06/2025)

Transcript Highlights:
  • Representative Nelson, no. Representative Moffett, no. Representative Love, no.
  • Representative Greg, yes. Representative Grund, yes. Representative Leves, yes.
  • Representative Representative Love, yes.
  • Representative Greg, no. Representative Grund, no. Representative Levette, no.
  • Representative Representative Greg, no. Representative Grund,<01:49:18.960> no.
Keywords: 928, house, all
Summary: The committee met in executive session on Senate Bill 72, a parental rights in education measure, and considered an amendment offered by Representative Raymond. Raymond explained that his changes were intended to narrow the bill so it would not force schools to act as “surveillance operatives” for parents, especially regarding older students, and to avoid requiring teachers to disclose private family matters such as a student’s sexual orientation or pronouns. He also struck the bill’s “clear and convincing” standard and replaced it with a lower “evidence” standard, arguing teachers should have some basis for concern but not a burden equivalent to terminating parental rights. He said the amendment was meant to preserve due process, avoid weaponizing the bill in civil disputes, and reduce the risk of lawsuits. Members then debated the scope of the bill and amendment. Supporters said schools should not withhold information about a child’s health, school environment, behavior, bullying, self-harm, or criminal conduct, and argued that parents have a right to know about serious issues such as mental health concerns, sexual assault, drug use, or other misconduct. Several members emphasized that teachers do not diagnose mental illness, but should report observable concerns and involve school administrators or counselors when necessary. Opponents argued the bill would chill communication between students and trusted adults at school, especially for children from dysfunctional or unsafe homes, and said it could force outing of gay or trans students and increase the risk of harm or self-harm. One member cited the Department of Education’s trusted-adult approach and said teachers are not covered by formal confidentiality rules in the same way as lawyers or doctors. The discussion included examples and hypotheticals about bullying, sexual assault, drug use, self-harm, gender dysphoria, and whether a teacher would have to tell parents if a student used different pronouns or a nickname. Raymond and supporters said the bill would require disclosure of serious safety concerns but not compel teachers to diagnose or pry into private matters. Opponents argued the bill’s language still sweeps too broadly and could force disclosure in situations where a student fears abuse or being kicked out at home. The transcript does not show a final vote on the amendment or bill in the excerpt provided.
NH

New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session

House Session (04/23/2026)

New Hampshire House Floor Meeting

Transcript Highlights:
  • Speaker, please welcome Zachary Pickle and Ryan Santair, students from Kingswood. representatives Gorski
  • for every student. for every student.
  • to attend an out-of-district school that is not Representative Edwards asked whether, if a student attends
  • . students. students.
  • that I represented. that I represented.
Keywords: 1189, house, all