Video & Transcript Research : 'Google Maps'
Page 102 of 248
AR
Arkansas 2026 Regular Session
EDUCATION COMMITTEE - SENATE AND HOUSE May 18th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- Yeah, so that map is just showing the 23 teachers, where they came from, that were in this fellowship
- The recipients in merit pay look very different, so that would— that's not this map.
- So I would have to give you another map.
- The map here is showing you each district's ESA rate for the '25 school year.
- Of course, the map is only showing... ...you the traditional school districts.
Summary:
The committee approved the March 9 and 10 minutes and then heard a presentation from the Arkansas Department of Education on the Arkansas Excellence in Teaching Fellowship, featuring three third-grade teachers from Cabot, Poyen, and Drew Central who are also teacher merit pay recipients. The teachers described the fellowship as a year-long Zoom-based collaboration with about 23 educators statewide, focused on sharing classroom strategies, data use, and professional support. Members asked about the teachers’ experience, how they share what they learn with their districts, the range of grades represented in the fellowship, and the relationship between the fellowship and merit pay. The teachers emphasized building relationships with students, using data to drive instruction, early intervention, and collaboration across grade levels, while the secretary said the program is intended to identify and elevate high-performing teachers and spread their practices.
A major portion of the discussion focused on third-grade reading, retention, and the new ATLAS testing system. Teachers and the secretary said students are screened and progress monitored throughout the year, families are notified early if students are at risk, and schools are using interventions, tutoring, and individualized reading plans. They said ATLAS results are now available much faster than in the past, often within 24 hours or a few days, allowing teachers and parents to respond quickly. Members asked about the impact of poverty, trauma, foster care, DHS involvement, IEPs, and critical shortage areas; teachers said relationship-building, small-group instruction, and coordination with counselors and special education staff are key. The secretary said the fellowship is a small subset of a broader merit pay program, that participation was voluntary, and that the state is trying to build a coherent system with literacy coaches, high-impact tutoring, and clearer standards rather than teaching to the test.
Members also discussed broader policy issues, including the need for more positive public messaging about public education, teacher input in decision-making, and support for early childhood education. Several legislators asked whether the state should expand funding for early learning and whether more literacy or academic coaches are needed in districts that improve and then lose eligibility for state support. The secretary said the state has committed literacy coaches to D and F schools and is still working through how to sustain support as schools improve. He also said the administration would look at data and return on investment before supporting additional funding, and he encouraged legislators to help recruit eligible teachers into future fellowship cohorts. After the teacher panel concluded, the committee moved on to the adequacy resource allocation study, where Bureau of Legislative Research staff began a presentation on state and local education funding sources, categorical funds, and district spending patterns.
AR
Arkansas 2026 Regular Session
EDUCATION COMMITTEE - SENATE AND HOUSE May 18th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- Yeah, so that map is just showing, as a highlighted the 23 teachers where they came from that were in
- The recipients in merit pay look very different, so that would—that’s not this map.
- So I would have to give you another map.
- The map here is showing you each district's ESA rate for the 25 school year.
- Of course, the map is only showing you the traditional school districts; the charters are not included
TX
Texas 89th 2nd C.S.
Health Care Affordability, Select May 1st, 2026
Health Care Affordability, Select
Transcript Highlights:
- Then we created this heat map, and I think it's pretty dramatic. Like, if you look at...
- And then created this heat map. I think it's pretty dramatic.
- I mean, I love a heat map. You can see where... But you can see the heat.
- I mean, I love a heat map.
- To me, when I look at some of the heat maps that you talked about, most employees, if they knew it was
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- If there are any maps or charts, I'll make sure I note that. page number that I'm referring to.
- If you will refer to the map on page 23 regarding the... ...of the current status in Mexico.
- On the map, that case is 380 miles. As I said, it was found in a two-month-old calf.
- If you refer to the map on the next page, it's quite busy there.
- But we can watch the map and see how it's been progressing, and we know that we say that.
NH
New Hampshire 2025 Regular Session
House Finance Division I (02/19/2025)
Transcript Highlights:
- The picture with the map on it shows all of the communities in red that received Community Development
- The redistricting is every 10 years, in accord or in conjunction with the census, so the map you have
- I just Googled inflation since 1975, and a $60 fee in 1975 would be worth $352 today.
- I just Googled inflation since 1975, and a $60 fee in 1975 would be worth $352 today.
Summary:
The committee first reviewed House Bill 1, focusing on the legislative branch budget, especially the Senate and House lines. Members discussed that the Senate’s fiscal year 2025 adjusted authorized amount was higher than 2024 actual spending, largely due to personnel, benefits, and travel, and one member proposed a $500,000 annual cut. Staff explained that any reduction would need to be allocated across specific line items such as personnel, benefits, and travel, and noted that the Senate budget is entirely General Funds. After discussion of how the adjusted authorized figures were calculated and why the branch no longer staffs some joint committees as it once did, the committee moved on without taking a vote on that section.
The committee then heard a detailed presentation from the New Hampshire Retirement System. NHRS officials described their statutory administrative budget, which is funded through the retirement trust rather than the General Fund, and said the FY 2026-2027 increase is driven by IT modernization, cybersecurity, a new strategic plan, and additional staff positions. They also reviewed the system’s funding progress, clean audit opinions, investment performance, and changes to asset allocation, while noting that several recent pension-related laws required major database changes. Members questioned the large increase in salaries and benefits, the need for new employees versus contractors, the purpose of training costs, and the source of the Group Two benefit funding. NHRS said the governor’s budget includes General Funds for Group Two benefit changes, with $5 million in FY 2026 and $27.9 million in FY 2027, and that the figures reflect the governor’s recommendation and related HB 2 provisions.
Committee members also asked about employer and employee contribution rates for Group Two police and fire members, which NHRS said were not included in the budget document but were about 31.2% for police and 30.35% for fire, with employee shares around 11.55% and 11.8%. The committee did not make a decision on the NHRS budget during this exchange and indicated it would review the details further before returning to it later.
The committee then heard from the Community Development Finance Authority on the State Treasury Department budget line for the required state match to administer the federal Community Development Block Grant program. CDFA explained that its $280,000 annual request for FY 2026 and FY 2027, totaling $560,000, supports administration, technical assistance, contracting, and monitoring of roughly $19 million in annual federal CDBG funds. Members asked about the leverage of the state match, oversight of projects, staffing, and grant prioritization. CDFA said it has 18 employees, uses public hearings and a scoring system to prioritize awards, and conducts both desk and on-site monitoring, with annual audits to ensure compliance. No vote was taken on the CDFA item in the portion provided.
VA
Virginia 2026 Regular Session
Cannabis Retail Market, Joint Commission to Oversee the Transition of the Commonwealth into a Jun 2nd, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- If you'd like to get even more specific and in the weeds, pardon the pun, this map reflects state regulatory
- This map reflects state regulatory policies for hemp-derived THC beverages as of October 2025.
- As indicated by those colorful maps, how these federal changes might affect states varies greatly.
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- Turn on the back of your testimony; I have another map for you all.
- This map shows all of the counties in Texas that have less than 150,000 people.
- But with this map, all of the counties that are in blue are counties where providers would receive an
Keywords:
pediatrics, medical education, subsidiary, preceptorship, medical training, student programs, mental health, loan repayment, education funding, mental health professionals, healthcare access, Texas Success Initiative, exemption, public officers, employees, higher education, Capitol view, Austin, urban planning, construction
TX
Transcript Highlights:
- If you look at a map behind us, you can see a field of blue throughout the state of Texas, and then there
- If you look at a map behind us, you can see a field of blue throughout the state of Texas, and then there
- If you look at a map behind us, you Even the lab techs there know who I am because of my nurse practitioners
Keywords:
Maverick County, recognition, economic development, Texas Senate, community celebration, 1185, senate, all
FL
Florida 2025 Regular Session
Community Affairs Jan 14th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- SO WHAT YOU'RE SEEING IN FRONT OF YOU IS YOU GOT THE BIG CIRCLE HERE AND YOU'VE GOT THE MAP NEXT TO THEM
- Jones: KEEP GOING QUACKS THE MAP IS GOING TO SHOW YOU WHERE THAT EXISTS ABOUT THE STATE.
- HOMETOWN HEROES FUNDING WHICH AGAIN LEVERAGE OVER $145 MILLION IN THE FIRST MORTGAGES, WE'VE BEEN ILL TO MAP
DE
Transcript Highlights:
- Feeding America's Map the Meal Gap study found that roughly 134,000 Delawareans, or about 13% of our
- And as you look at the district map now, it pretty much blankets the whole entire state.
Keywords:
pesticide, licensing, agriculture, landscaper, grain inspector, record keeping, Delaware agriculture, certified applicators, regulatory compliance, HB371, Delaware Agricultural Lands Preservation Act, farmland preservation, agricultural lands, agricultural preservation district, Farmland Preservation Advisory Board, county advisory board, Delaware Foundation, Department of Agriculture, DNREC, planning and zoning
Summary:
The House Agriculture Committee met with a quorum present and considered three bills. Senate Bill 53 would codify and continue the Farm to Community Program if federal support is reduced or unavailable, prioritize Delaware farmers, and require reporting and transparency. Testimony in support came from the Delaware Farm Bureau, the Academy of Medicine and Public Health, and Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Jimmy Crone, who said the department supports the bill. Members raised no questions, and the committee voted to release the bill by roll call.
The committee then heard Senate Bill 311, a Department of Agriculture maintenance bill updating Title 3 provisions related to plant industry and pesticides. The bill removes an outdated $100 license fee, requires certified private applicators to keep pesticide application records available for inspection, expands the definition of landscaper to include commercial entities installing their own nursery stock, and removes a good-character requirement for grain inspector applicants. With no public comment or questions, the committee voted to release the bill by roll call.
Finally, House Bill 371, sponsored by Representative Vanderwyn, would streamline the Agland Preservation Act by eliminating a redundant county advisory board step for farmland preservation districts. Representative Vanderwyn and Deputy Secretary Crone explained that the advisory boards were more useful when the program was new, but now the county planning and zoning commissions and the Department of Agriculture already provide the needed review. After brief discussion, with no public comment, the committee voted to release the bill by roll call and then adjourned.
NH
New Hampshire 2026 Regular Session
House State-Federal Relations and Veterans Affairs (01/16/2026)
State-Federal Relations and Veterans Affairs
Transcript Highlights:
- And I believe in my packet I have—there's two maps. I didn't testify to those.
- So there has been the recent discovery of a new map, and so okay, I only have this 1761 map that Senator
- So there has been the recent discovery of a new map, and so okay, I only have this 1761 map that Senator
- So there has been the recent discovery of a new map, and so okay, I only have this 1761 map that Senator
- I mean, I don't know okay I only have this the 1761 map that okay I only have this the 1761 map that
KY
Kentucky 2026 Regular Session
Tobacco Settlement Agreement Fund Oversight Committee (6-11-26)
Transcript Highlights:
- So I have a map for you.
- It shows where everything that we've done on a map and then the list and then the process that we go
So <00:44:38.000>I <00:44:38.160>have <00:44:38.240>a <00:44:38.400>map - So I have a map for you. It to you. So I have a map for you.
- and then the list and then the on a map and then the list and then the process<00:44:43.599>
that
Keywords:
Meeting Start 00:00
Attendance Roll Call 00:18
KOAP Report 00:58
Approval of Minutes 53:58, 958, all
Summary:
The Tobacco Settlement Agreement Fund Oversight Committee met on June 11 but did not have a quorum, so it could not approve the prior minutes. The committee then received a compliance and program update from Brandon Reed and Bill McClowski of the agricultural development board, who said the office is fully staffed, has digitized most records, and has added a Facebook page to share board actions, projects, and compliance work. They also reported that the board and finance corporation continue to operate with strong county-council participation and that the office had completed numerous site visits, program reviews, and project closeouts over the reporting period.
The presenters reviewed monthly funding actions from December through May, including board approvals ranging from hundreds of thousands to several million dollars, with a December finance meeting delayed by a snowstorm. They highlighted that the Kentucky Agriculture Finance Corporation now has 57 loans generating more than $2 million per month in payments, and that the revolving loan program has grown to support more than $24 million annually in repayments available for relending. They also noted that 75% of the portfolio is in beginning farmer loans and that the office had recently surpassed 1,000 active loans.
Several projects were discussed in detail. These included a grain facility in Callaway County supporting organic corn production for expanding egg-layer operations, a Union County cattle business expansion, a West Liberty Veterinary Clinic project to build a working cattle facility, a Grayson County farmers market project, a Casey County veterinary services project, and a packing warehouse for the Kanye family to support specialty crops. The presenters emphasized that county and state tobacco settlement funds are often combined, sometimes with participation loans, to leverage local investment. They also stressed the importance of supporting greenhouses, farmers markets, specialty crops, and large-animal veterinary services as key agricultural priorities. No votes or formal actions were taken beyond the lack of quorum and the informational presentations.
MN
Transcript Highlights:
- thanked Madam Chair and said, “Maybe to the colonel, so I see on page 19 of the presentation on the map
- c> said<00:45:58.839>
optimo <00:45:59.720>location <00:46:00.119>a on the map - you said optimo location a on the map you said optimo location a new<00:46:00.520>
facility <00 - and<00:46:06.880>
so <00:46:07.880>in <00:46:08.000>the <00:46:08.119>maps - secure location yet and so in the maps secure location yet and so in the maps it<00:46:08.520>
Summary:
The committee met with a quorum and began with introductions from members and staff, who shared brief personal facts. Chair Franson then announced that the committee would hear the governor’s bonding request for state agencies, starting with the Department of Public Safety. Commissioner Bob Jacobson, BCA Superintendent Drew Evans, and State Patrol Colonel Christina Boich were introduced as the presenters.
The Department of Public Safety focused on three capital projects: a new Southern BCA regional office and laboratory, an expansion of the BCA regional office and laboratory in northern Minnesota, and a new Minnesota State Patrol headquarters funded with trunk highway cash. Evans said the BCA’s St. Paul headquarters is severely overcrowded and that demand has grown because of sexual assault kit testing, digital evidence work, drug evidence, and a sharp rise in cybercrime and child exploitation cases. He said the regional facilities would improve turnaround times, reduce travel for testimony and evidence drop-off, expand training access for local law enforcement, and allow the BCA to serve southern and northern Minnesota more efficiently.
Members questioned the high cost of the projects, including Representative Skraba’s concern about the per-square-foot cost. Evans responded that the facilities are expensive because they are specialized laboratories, not office buildings, and must include costly equipment, HVAC systems, redundant power, and other lab-specific features; he said retrofitting existing buildings would cost about the same as new construction. He also said the Southern Minnesota project had increased from about $48 million to $68.1 million due to final design changes, larger space needs, and rising construction costs. Representative Sexton asked about training availability, and Evans said the new facility would include a classroom for 40 to 60 students and could be used by other agencies at low or no cost. Representative Hansen asked about regional training centers, and Evans said the BCA uses them for specialized training but still needs this classroom-based regional space. No votes or formal actions were taken in the portion provided.
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Senate Local Government Committee Apr 29th, 2026
Local Government
Transcript Highlights:
- This bill would prevent the county from holding the county accountable under the Subdivision Map Act
- The failure to obtain safety review for the new map is a new procedural violation and is not a recycled
- In this case, opponents are challenging the approval of the subdivision map, tentative map approved by
HI
Hawaii 2026 Regular Session
House Chamber - Thu Apr 9, 2026, 12:00PM HST - Day 42
Hawaii House Floor Meeting
Transcript Highlights:
- Resolutions like this that create an established task force, where we can actually map communities that
- where<00:39:25.520>
we <00:39:25.640>can <00:39:25.880>actually <00:39:26.359>map - <00:39:26.920>
communities where we can actually map communities where we can actually map
Bills:
SB3136, SB2521, SB2851, SB3154, SB3262, SB2387, SB3001, SB2818, SB2972, SB2372, SB2108, SB888, SB3320, SB2798, SB2110, SB3007, SB2615, SB2095, SB2101, SB3138, SB2756, SB3229, SB2969, SB3286, SB3238, SB2557, SB3140, SB2014, SB3097, SB3096, SB3069, SB99, SB2930, SB2268, SB2543, SB3022, SB3109, SB3215, SB3152, SB3156, SB3234, SB3053, SB3067, SB2673, SB411, SB2041, SB2919, SB2532, SB2152, SB2721, SB2446, SB2601, SB2239, SB2804, SB3324, SB2802, SB2577, SB2320, SB2706, SB2595, SB2781, SB2961, SB2433, SB2657, SB2340, SB3045, SB3203, SB2861, SB3245, SB2803, SB3204, SB3025, SB2138, SB2645, SB3082, SB2109, SB2261, SB3332, SB2811, SB2567, SB2125, SB2866, SB83, SB874, SB2386, SB3137, SB3132, SB2175, SB2272, SB2271, SB847, SB3302, SB2089, SB2102, SB2050, SB2694, SB2487, SB2061, SB709, SB3083, SB2151, SB2852, SB2471, SB2568, SB2253, SB2697, SB2429, SB2929, SB3032, SB2057, SB148, SB2353, SB2075, SB2907, SB2074, SB3219, SB3218, SB2367, SB3048, SB17, SB3253, SB2376, SB3103, SB2999, SB3255, SB1166, SB3157, SB2698, SB3029, SB2146, SB2470, SB3040, SB3076, SB2575, SB3294, SB2438, SB2530, SB2688
Keywords:
lead-free, lead in drinking water, drinking water, water infrastructure, public water system, plumbing, pipe fittings, solder, flux, fixtures, cast iron pipe repair, nonpotable water, Safe Drinking Water Act, Department of Health, water quality, lead exposure, lead contamination, water utilities, backflow preventer, fire hydrant
AZ
Transcript Highlights:
- Yeah, I actually haven't seen the map yet, so, but I'm just curious where Fountain Hills is.
- You would have no full Republican-controlled counties based on these maps.
- I know because I worked with someone who did maps for the Independent Redistricting Commission to come
- up with the maps.
Bills:
SB1433, SB1434, SB1435, SB1567, SB1571, SB1686, SB1745, SCR1024, SCR1025, HB2671, HB2676, HCR2044
Keywords:
county boundaries, Maricopa, Gila, Pinal, Yavapai, Yuma, La Paz, local governance, Arizona Revised Statutes, Maricopa county, county division, new counties, intergovernmental agreements, special election, shared use agreements, education, explicit material, parental consent, student protection, library access
NM
Transcript Highlights:
- You'll see a map and you'll see the search bar. So This project search is a broad word search.
- You go to page 7, you'll see the different overlays that the mapping feature has.
- So, once you get into the map and see all the different pins in the map, you can either click on a pin
Bills:
HB1
Keywords:
feed bill, legislative appropriations, legislative branch, New Mexico Legislature, general fund, legislative council service, legislative finance committee, legislative education study committee, house chief clerk, senate chief clerk, per diem, mileage, session expenses, interim committees, district staff, capitol complex, capital outlay data system, legislative processing system, redistricting, census redistricting
CA
California 2025-2026 Regular Session
Assembly Communications and Conveyance Committee Jan 14th, 2026
Transcript Highlights:
- And the number of Californians, as I see on this map here, approximately 4.8 million residents in our
- And the number of Californians, as I see on this map here, approximately 4.8 million residents in our
- figure out just from websites and what everybody's from, and that's not even at a zip code level to map
- Level to map anything in the state.
Summary:
The Assembly Communications and Conveyance Committee held an informational hearing on the state of broadband affordability in California. Chair Tasha Berner said the committee was examining how broadband prices, access, and affordability are affecting households, especially after the end of the federal Affordable Connectivity Program and amid concerns about federal resistance to state broadband regulation. She noted the committee’s continued interest in policy options for 2026 and referenced prior legislation, including AB 353, that would have required affordable home internet as a condition of doing business in California.
Industry witnesses from U.S. Telecom and CTIA argued that broadband and wireless prices have generally fallen in real terms even as inflation and other household costs have risen, citing competition, infrastructure investment, and faster speeds as the main drivers. They said California’s higher costs are tied to permitting delays, taxes, copper theft, and legacy obligations such as COLR requirements, and they urged the Legislature to preserve market incentives, reduce fees and regulatory burdens, and support infrastructure deployment. They also discussed fixed wireless access, federal BEAD funding, and Universal Service Fund reform, arguing that more entities benefiting from networks, including tech platforms, should contribute to support programs.
Consumer and public-interest witnesses presented a different view, saying California still has a serious affordability and adoption problem, especially for low-income households. Sunny McPhee of the California Emerging Technology Fund said broadband adoption has improved dramatically over time, but about 500,000 households remain offline or underconnected and many low-income households still pay above the FCC affordability benchmark. Ernesto Falcon of the CPUC Public Advocates Office said California’s market is losing its competitive edge, with prices higher than in other states and meaningful price pressure coming mainly from fiber competition at the gigabit tier. He said roughly 4.8 million Californians are limited to one gigabit option and estimated that more competition could save consumers more than $1 billion annually. Both witnesses emphasized the need for stronger transparency, targeted subsidies, and a permanent affordability solution, including extending and refining the CPUC broadband Lifeline pilot and advancing SB 716.
Public commenters, including representatives from cable providers, nonprofits, and digital equity organizations, largely supported SB 716 and a permanent broadband affordability program. Several urged the committee to remove a cap on the Lifeline program, expand the CPUC pilot, and invest in digital navigators, outreach, and enrollment assistance. The hearing ended without a vote or formal action, after the chair thanked the witnesses and public commenters for their testimony.
WA
Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session
House Technology, Economic Development, & Veterans Dec 5th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- The map that you see here goes through some of the overseas consulting networks that we traditionally
- What you can see on the map is that a lot of them receive funding from this federal program, STEP, that
- support our communities with tsunami evacuation wayfinding by providing signage and tsunami evacuation maps
- But in order to provide the services and the projects and mapping and modeling that our communities are
Summary:
The committee held a work session focused on the effects of tariffs on Washington’s economy, agriculture, and small businesses, followed by updates on emergency management, cybersecurity, disaster resilience, tsunami preparedness, and World Cup security planning. Office of Financial Management economist Abdelamintrawe Trieri said tariff increases are expected to raise prices, reduce output and employment, and lower state revenue over a four-year horizon, with the hardest-hit sectors including aerospace, food and beverage manufacturing, and agriculture. Members asked about updated tariff scenarios, crop-specific impacts, inflation versus deflation in different goods, and whether some manufacturing sectors could benefit; staff said updated numbers would need to be rerun as tariff rates changed.
Washington Department of Agriculture representative Ryan Hamm described how tariffs raise costs for farm inputs such as equipment, parts, packaging, and fertilizer, while also affecting exports of key commodities like wheat, potatoes, apples, cherries, dairy, and wine. He said some sectors support tariffs on competing imports, but retaliation and market restrictions have hurt exports, especially to China and, in the wine sector, Canada. Department of Commerce representative Andrea Chartock outlined export assistance, business finance, recruitment, and industry-sector development programs, and proposed expanding tariff-resilience support through market diversification, supply-chain optimization, and efforts to attract investment and federal funding. She also noted uncertainty around delayed federal STEP funding for small business export assistance.
Emergency Management Division Director Robert Ezell warned that federal disaster and mitigation funding is becoming less reliable, citing the denied bomb cyclone disaster declaration, delays in FEMA grant processing, and possible restructuring of FEMA that could shift more responsibility to states. He said Washington may need stronger state-funded public assistance, individual assistance, and mitigation programs, along with broader coordination among state agencies and local governments. Cybersecurity staff described state efforts to support local governments through the Cybersecurity Advisory Committee, threat intelligence sharing, vulnerability assessments, and a proposed volunteer incident response team, while noting the loss of MS-ISAC funding and the importance of continued state matching funds for cybersecurity grants. Hazard mitigation and tsunami staff emphasized the need for sustained investment in flood, wildfire, earthquake, lahar, and tsunami resilience, including vertical evacuation structures and language-access outreach. Ezell also briefed the committee on World Cup security preparations and federal grants for counter-unmanned aircraft systems, explaining that the state can buy mitigation capabilities but current authority to use them remains largely federal; the committee asked follow-up questions about fan zones, training, and the meaning of drone mitigation. No votes were taken, and the meeting ended with adjournment after the presentations and questions.
NM
New Mexico 2025 Regular Session
IC - Transportation Infrastructure Revenue Subcommitee Oct 6th, 2025
Transcript Highlights:
- As you look at the map of the district, we have spread them out.
- So in 2026, the MAP funding, we were able to help four entities for about a million dollars, and then
- This map gives you a better sense of the connections and ownership throughout the state.
- If you remember the map I showed before, the north has a network, and the south has a network; they don't