Transcript Highlights:

• on the general fund spreadsheet.
• on the general fund spreadsheet.
• She said MDE also has a general counsel, a lead general counsel, and an assistant general counsel, and
• She said MDE also has a general counsel, a lead general counsel, and an assistant general counsel, and
• She said MDE also has a general counsel, a lead general counsel, and an assistant general counsel, and

Keywords: 1183, house

Transcript Highlights:

• I have a general foreman. I have a foreman. I have electricians and apprentices there.
• I’m a representative of General President Douglas McCarran, United Brotherhood Carpenters.
• The general contractor then helps with the collection.
• There’s hardly ever a loss; who hardly ever has to proceed against the general contractor.
• The general contractor said, "This is your chance.

Keywords: 995, all

Summary: The hearing focused on several labor-related bills, especially proposals to give legislative employees the right to organize and collectively bargain, close a prevailing wage loophole for off-site prefabrication work, and strengthen enforcement against wage theft. Committee chairs opened the hearing by explaining the hybrid format and asking witnesses to keep testimony brief. Multiple legislators testified in support of the legislative staff union bill, saying staff deserve the same bargaining rights as other public employees and that unionization would improve pay, benefits, retention, and workplace dignity. Witnesses also discussed how the bill would likely be structured, with separate House and Senate bargaining arrangements or locals, and emphasized that it would only create the option to unionize, not require it. A second major topic was the prevailing wage bill addressing off-site fabrication and prefabrication in construction. Union leaders, contractors, and workers described how more work is being shifted from job sites into shops, especially in sheet metal, HVAC, electrical, and pipefitting work, and argued that the law should treat that work the same as on-site construction when it is part of a public project. They said the current loophole lets some contractors underbid by paying lower wages off-site, while responsible contractors already pay prevailing wages in their shops. Supporters argued the bill would protect workers, preserve apprenticeship and training standards, improve safety and quality, and make enforcement easier through certified payroll and clearer definitions. The committee also heard testimony on wage theft legislation. Representative Dan Donahue, the Attorney General’s Fair Labor Division, AFL-CIO representatives, and carpenters’ union witnesses described wage theft, misclassification, labor brokers, and tax fraud as widespread problems that hurt workers, honest contractors, and public revenues. They supported giving the Attorney General stronger enforcement tools, adding contractor accountability up the subcontracting chain, and protecting workers from retaliation and from delays that can cause claims to expire. A separate witness supported a bill to extend the statute of limitations for Wage Act cases while AG investigations are pending, and another supported changes to help hospital workers enforce timely payment rights. No votes were taken during the hearing; witnesses repeatedly asked for favorable reports on the bills.

Transcript Highlights:

• Please pass along our well wishes to the Attorney General. The Attorney General. Great to see Mr.
• The State Land Office is funded through the earnings that we generate, so we are not a general fund agency
• We could generate more if we had more staff.
• Generate money, and you have record revenues; you need record staff to generate that.
• So it has an indirect general fund impact.

Transcript Highlights:

• Okay, one mill generates less than $5 million. One mill generates less than $5 million.
• But as a general rule, the $500,000, as long as the originating home was in the state that generated
• But that's the general approach.
• They are all following the same general process.
• taking, and I'm going to say generally because there are some conditions, you're generally You're generally

Summary: The Select Committee on Property Taxes met for an educational session focused on how Florida funds public schools and how property taxes are assessed and levied. Dr. Jim Zengali of the Department of Revenue explained the FEFP school funding formula, noting that it is built on weighted student counts, a base student allocation, and programmatic add-ons such as transportation, exceptional student education, school safety, and mental health. He said school funding is roughly split between state general revenue and local property taxes through required local effort, with additional discretionary and capital outlay millages contributing to total school funding. He also described the Department of Revenue’s role in certifying property rolls at fair market value and reviewing them for substantial compliance, including the so-called “nuclear option” if a roll is not approved. Members asked about trends in millage rates, county-by-county funding differences, the effect of growth and enrollment changes, and how property appraisals are reviewed. Zengali said aggregate millage for school funding has declined over the last decade while revenues have still increased, and he agreed to provide additional data on county trends, parcel strata, student growth, and enrollment impacts. He also clarified that school funding is equalized so students receive similar resources regardless of county wealth, and that federal funding plays only a small role in the FEFP. Amy Baker of the Joint Legislative Office of Economic and Demographic Research then discussed existing homestead benefits. She said about half of Florida’s parcels are homestead properties, most fall in the $250,000 to $500,000 value range, and many seniors without mortgages pay property taxes in lump sums rather than through escrow. Baker explained that Florida’s homestead tax burden is middle-of-the-pack nationally and that the main benefits are Save Our Homes and portability on the differential side, plus the $25,000 homestead exemption and related exemptions on the exemption side. She said these benefits reduce taxable value substantially, with homestead properties receiving a large share of the reductions, and noted that the committee requested follow-up data on exemption usage, portability timing, senior exemptions, and county-level patterns. The final presentation, by Lizette Kelly of the Department of Revenue, covered millage rates and the TRIM process. She reviewed the history of truth-in-millage notices, required taxpayer mailings, public hearing notices, and later changes that tied local millage resets to rollback and majority-vote rates. Kelly explained the difference between proposed and adopted millage, the rollback rate, and the majority-vote rate, and described how taxing authorities include counties, cities, special districts, and MSTUs. She also outlined how county taxable value is calculated from just value through assessment differentials and exemptions, and how certain exemptions, such as the additional senior exemption, apply only to the taxing authority that adopted them. No votes were taken during the meeting, but members requested several follow-up data reports for later discussion.

Transcript Highlights:

• I'm here from our tax policy section to talk about the bill in general.
• We love our General Counsel's letter.
• They generate sales tax, a significant amount of sales tax from that facility.
• And they're generating... $7.6 million in sales tax.
• Well, mostly for just general. Local entities? Yes, ma'am. General police and fire. Thanks.

Bills: HB134, HB135, HB 1109, HB 1243, HB1392, HB1399, HJR99, HB134, HB135

Keywords: sales tax, use tax, local tax, municipal tax, county tax, tax sourcing, place of business, principal business location, small business, retailer, marketplace seller, economic development agreement, Chapter 321, Chapter 323, Tax Code, Texas Comptroller, local sales and use tax, tax jurisdiction, order consummation, ship-to location

Transcript Highlights:

• The changes Prop 36 made can be grouped into three general categories: one, creating a treatment-mandated
• But this is all now going to be paid for from the General Fund.
• And so for 2025-26, for example, about half of the cost will be supported from the General Fund.
• But in 2024-25, we paid for costs using the General Fund. That's the exact same program.
• And again, working side by side with the Attorney General, Mr.

Summary: The committee heard extensive testimony on Proposition 36 and its implementation, with judicial and budget officials describing it as a major shift from misdemeanor to felony processing for repeat drug possession and certain theft offenses. Witnesses explained that the law creates a treatment-mandated felony process that can lead to dismissal if a defendant completes treatment, but also requires evaluations, court monitoring, and potentially long, open-ended supervision. Judicial representatives said the new law is already generating large numbers of filings, creating workload, staffing, courtroom, and facility pressures, and that access to treatment beds, housing, and evaluation capacity is limiting participation. Several speakers emphasized that collaborative courts are effective but are not a perfect fit for Prop. 36 because those programs are typically probation-based and serve different risk/need populations. Court officials from San Bernardino and Orange counties said the impacts vary by county but are severe, with some counties seeing hundreds or more filings in a short period and others moving more slowly to build treatment infrastructure first. They argued that Prop. 36 is effectively an unfunded mandate unless the state provides more resources for judges, staff, facilities, treatment, housing, and supervision. The Legislative Analyst’s Office noted that Prop. 36 will reduce the Proposition 47 savings that fund mental health and substance use treatment grants, but said the near-term reduction is relatively modest and that the full effect will take time to appear because of the way those savings are calculated. Members of the committee repeatedly raised concerns that the state is underfunding the courts and counties needed to carry out the new law. The committee also reviewed the Governor’s proposed trial court operations budget, including a partial restoration of a prior $97 million cut and additional ongoing funding. Judicial branch officials said the restoration helped avoid furloughs, hiring freezes, and service reductions, and supported cybersecurity, technology, staffing, and records management. The LAO recommended that the Legislature seek more detail on how midyear restorations are handled and consider clarifying language for transferring unspent trial court trust fund monies to the General Fund. Finance said the flexibility in the ongoing funding was intentional and would be taken back for consideration. In a separate item, the committee heard testimony on a $6.3 million increase for Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal appointed counsel programs. Judicial officials and appellate project representatives said the system is facing a crisis because indigent appeals have risen sharply while the number of panel attorneys has fallen, leaving many cases waiting months for counsel. They argued the proposed increase would help but is still below what is needed to recruit and retain attorneys and prevent delays that affect criminal, juvenile, and child welfare cases. The committee also discussed the Tracy courthouse project in San Joaquin County, where local officials said reopening a courthouse closed since 2011 is necessary to serve a growing population and relieve overcrowding elsewhere. The LAO and Finance both noted the project is next in line under the facilities plan, though LAO suggested the Legislature could consider whether other facility priorities should come first.

Transcript Highlights:

• In general, as of Financial Regulation.
• ><c> group</c><00:11:21.279><c> is</c><00:11:21.440><c> a</c> general, a risk retention group is a general
• </c><00:11:46.560><c> liability,</c> product liability, general liability, product liability, general
• account and from other sponsor's general account and from other participant<00:15:19.040><c> cells.
• Affairs will meet at Housing and General Affairs will meet at 10:00. 10:00. 10:00.

Keywords: 927, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c> the housing Support Program general the housing Support Program general assistance<00:04:10.360>
• </c><00:36:50.640><c> fund</c> the forecast Horizon state general fund the forecast Horizon state general
• </c> overzealous agent the provider generally overzealous agent the provider generally follows<01:11:
• </c> the the duties of the Inspector General the the duties of the Inspector General and<01:45:52.119
• </c> they do that has to do with General they do that has to do with General compliance<01:47:14.960>

Keywords: 1187, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• We also have the Consul General of Armenia, the first woman Consul General of Armenia in Los Angeles,
• Ambassador, Madam Consul General, members of the committee. Thank you so much.
• Thank you, Madam Consul General. Very helpful, and an honor for you to be here as well.
• And then next to our consul general, thank you so much for being here.
• Thank you so much to our lieutenant governor, of course, our consul general, and Ms.

Summary: The inaugural meeting of the Select Committee on California and Armenia Mutual Trade, Art, and Cultural Exchange focused on strengthening California’s relationship with Armenia through trade, investment, education, culture, and diplomacy. Chair Harabedian and Assemblymember Caloza opened by emphasizing the Armenian-American community’s long history in California and the committee’s goal of expanding business opportunities, job creation, educational exchanges, and cultural preservation. The Ambassador of Armenia, the Lieutenant Governor, and the Consul General all described the relationship as a strategic partnership rooted in shared values, the Armenian diaspora, and growing cooperation in technology, energy, agriculture, and innovation. Testimony highlighted existing state-to-state ties, including the 2019 California-Armenia framework agreement, the California trade and services desk in Yerevan, and academic links such as the American University of Armenia and Armenian studies programs at California universities. Go-Biz reported that two-way trade with Armenia has grown significantly since 2019, with California exports rising sharply and activity supported by export promotion, investment outreach, and the trade desk. Witnesses also pointed to Armenia’s emerging tech sector and California-based companies with operations there, including Synopsys, AMD, Nvidia, ServiceTitan, and others, as examples of the partnership’s economic potential. Local leaders and business representatives from Glendale described the city as a gateway for California-Armenia ties, citing the Armenian American Museum, sister-city relationships, and the role of community institutions in diplomacy and commerce. ServiceTitan co-founder Vahe Kuzoyan and investor Armina Galstian of SmartGate VC/Hero House Glendale described how California capital, talent, and Armenian engineering networks are producing startups, jobs, and cross-border innovation in AI, robotics, cybersecurity, and related fields. Several speakers urged the state to continue funding innovation hubs, expand trade and educational programs, and address discrimination against Armenian-owned businesses in procurement and supplier diversity programs. No formal votes or committee actions were taken during the hearing. Members asked questions about future priorities, including how California can better support trade, technology collaboration, and outreach to Armenian communities, and witnesses generally called for continued state investment, stronger institutional partnerships, and sustained official engagement with Armenia.

Transcript Highlights:

• Generation that their process supply chain employees are involved with in generating some level of hazardous
• The General Fund, I think, is the appropriate vehicle to support, not I don't know.
• More broadly, when the board is involved, the process is generally stronger.
• The people most affected by hazardous waste decisions over the next 40 years is my generation.
• We generate, this is my co-director, we generate reports, we come to every meeting, we sign every, I

Summary: The joint oversight hearing reviewed the five-year implementation of SB 158 and the Board of Environmental Safety’s role in DTSC reform, with members and witnesses focusing on transparency, accountability, fee-setting, permit appeals, community engagement, and the unfinished SB 673 regulations. The chair raised concerns about the board’s effectiveness, including whether it has been too passive, whether its authority is sufficient, and whether a recent board appointment created an appearance of conflict. Testimony from Earthjustice emphasized that DTSC remains too slow and that the board should be more willing to push the department, speak publicly, and use its authority more actively. The California Council for Environmental and Economic Balance supported the board as a forum for transparency and accountability, while also stressing the need for stable funding and cautioning against politicization. Community witnesses described the board as an important improvement because it created a public venue, ombudsperson, and permit appeal process that did not exist before, and because it has at times forced changes to DTSC’s hazardous waste management plan. At the same time, they argued that the board lacks leverage over budgets, staffing, and implementation, and that community input often does not translate into action. One witness urged statutory changes to align the director’s priorities, the hazardous waste management plan, and performance metrics, and to reconsider the current appeals process. Another called for stronger community engagement practices, more accessible public meetings, and outside help to redesign participation processes. Public commenters also asked for youth representation, stipends for participation, and a more direct role for the board in environmental justice matters. Board Chair Andrew Rakestra and DTSC Director Katie Butler said the reforms have produced measurable improvements. They cited greater transparency through public meetings and ombuds services, stronger accountability through public performance metrics and permit appeals, improved fiscal stability, reduced permit backlogs, increased enforcement, and progress on safer consumer products and Exide cleanup. Both acknowledged remaining challenges, including the board’s limited authority over budgets, the need for earlier and more meaningful engagement, delays in completing SB 673 regulations, and the structural deficit in the hazardous waste control account. They also noted that the hazardous waste management plan left major policy questions unresolved and that the board retained oversight of implementation. No formal votes were taken during the hearing.

Transcript Highlights:

• been discussed and debated and based on the funds generated by SB 151.
• My name is Lauren Vernon, and I represent Tri-State Generation and Transmission.
• Look at Texas: it is the number one state in renewable energy generation.
• Generation worldwide last year: solar, wind, and battery.
• It connects us to the land, to one another, and to future generations.

Summary: The committee first took up the proposed 2026 tax package, Senate Bill 151, and adopted a committee substitute after discussion of the package’s funding capacity and included measures. The substitute bundled five bills: a physician tax credit, a quantum facility infrastructure tax credit, a construction materials gross receipts deduction for affordable multifamily housing, a local journalist employment tax credit, and a health equipment gross receipts deduction. Members discussed amendments that raised the physician credit from $4,000 to $10,000, narrowed the housing deduction to project-based certification, and reduced the journalist credit threshold from four stories to three. Concerns were raised about the fiscal impact on municipalities, especially Albuquerque, and about the funding mechanism, but the committee voted 6-4 to give the substitute a do pass recommendation. Senator Sanchez explained his vote, saying he wished more could have been included in the package. The committee then heard Senate Bill 18, the Clear Horizons Act, which would codify statewide greenhouse gas reduction targets and direct the Environment Department and Environmental Improvement Board to develop plans and rules for emissions reductions. The sponsors said the bill builds on the governor’s 2019 executive order, includes a 10,000-metric-ton threshold for covered emitters, allows certified offsets, and is intended to protect public health, reduce climate-related costs, and provide regulatory certainty. Supporters argued the bill would help communities facing wildfire, drought, health harms, and rising insurance and utility costs, and that it would encourage clean-energy investment and long-term economic stability. Opposition testimony came from mining, oil and gas, rural electric cooperatives, construction, agriculture, auto dealers, chambers of commerce, banks, water recycling companies, and realtors. They argued the bill functions like a carbon tax or broad regulatory mandate, would raise energy and compliance costs, could reduce investment and jobs, and would disproportionately affect rural, tribal, agricultural, and low-income communities. Several witnesses warned of higher electricity and fuel bills, revenue losses for local governments, and uncertainty from delegating major policy decisions to rulemaking. Supporters included public health advocates, educators, local officials, clean-energy businesses, tribal and environmental advocates, and residents affected by wildfire and drought, who said the bill is necessary to address climate harms and protect public health and the economy. No final committee vote on SB 18 was reached in the portion provided.

Transcript Highlights:

• It's about $506 million, $506 million General Fund.
• But there are a lot of things in here that go to the general fund or come from the general fund that
• So just want to note that and also acknowledge that there are several small, generally small general
• There was $6.75 million in the General Fund ongoing for that.
• My comments are more general.

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• </c><02:44:13.760><c> funds</c> look at the bottom it's General funds look at the bottom it's General
• </c> agency income is but you can see General agency income is but you can see General funds<02:44:21.760
• </c> it could potentially bring the general it could potentially bring the general fund<03:14:06.720>
• </c><03:16:33.640><c> fund</c> budget uh challenges the general fund budget uh challenges the general
• Yeah, the way it's built now, there's no general funds.

Keywords: 928, house, all

Summary: The committee first took up HB 129, which would redefine “evidence-based” in public education. Department of Education testimony said the bill’s definition would conflict with the federal definition and be unusually restrictive, potentially affecting curriculum, educator training, and many existing state requirements. The department said it could force a broad overhaul of school programs and create a need for at least one new state position, with local districts likely facing significant unbudgeted costs. Members raised concerns about impacts on federal pass-through funding, curriculum materials, and whether the bill was workable at all. Several members said the proposal would be too costly and difficult to implement, especially during a tight budget cycle. Representative Papovich moved to retain HB 129, and the motion passed 7-0. Members who supported retention said they wanted to set the bill aside because of the scale of the concerns, while also stating they did not support the bill as written. The committee then opened HB 133, dealing with DMV follow-up on residency and licensing issues tied to voting and other interactions. Department of Safety/DMV officials said the bill would require a $40,000 technology update plus a full-time position to handle manual correspondence and review of possible matches, and that postage was not included in the fiscal note. They said the bill’s 60-day residency trigger is vague, that the DMV would be acting outside its normal role by investigating status after the fact, and that the measure could create privacy and operational problems. Members questioned whether the bill would effectively force people to buy a driver’s license to vote, whether non-driver and voter ID options would avoid that concern, and whether the Secretary of State rather than DMV would be the more appropriate agency to handle any follow-up.

Transcript Highlights:

• Through honoring Sylvia Mendez, we inspire future generations to continue the fight for equality and
• Generative artificial intelligence is used to communicate with Californians.
• AB 2412 extends this transparency requirement to general public announcements.
• This bill does not prohibit agencies... ...requirement to general public announcements.
• AI-generated communications can be wrong, incomplete, confusing, and overly generic.

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• Similarly, at the Bay Area Air District, a consulting firm used AI to generate false public comments
• Many of us fear being overwhelmed by AI-generated content.
• I don't know if I'd go that far, but yes, to the general point, yes.
• I don't know if I'd go that far, but yes, to the general point, yes.
• And if you are a bot, it's not difficult to generate a new one every day.

Summary: The Senate Judiciary Committee met in subcommittee and heard three non-consent bills plus a consent calendar. SB 1159 by Senator Cabaldon would let public agencies disregard AI- or bot-generated public participation that is not from a human, in response to concerns about floods of automated comments and public records requests overwhelming local government processes. Supporters included Sierra Club California, the League of California Cities, counties, special districts, municipal clerks, and several local governments; there was no opposition. Committee members raised questions about how agencies would detect AI-generated submissions, possible liability or First Amendment concerns if human comments were mistakenly excluded, and whether the bill needed more specific amendments for each affected act. The author said the bill does not create enforcement against bots but instead clarifies that agencies need not treat non-human input as human participation, and the committee voted the bill out on a series of roll calls, ultimately 12-0, to the Senate Privacy, Digital Technologies, and Consumer Protection Committee, with the bill placed on call during the process. SB 932 by Senator Dato would require greater transparency in civil proceedings involving assignments of claims, aiming to prevent people from hiding behind shell companies or transferred rights to collect money while avoiding debts or other obligations. The Conference of California Bar Associations sponsored the bill, and its witness said the measure would help identify the real party in interest and curb misuse of assignments, including in bankruptcy and other recovery actions. The Utility Wildfire Survivor Coalition opposed the bill unless amended, arguing that in complex litigation—especially wildfire cases with multiple overlapping interests and litigation financing—the proposal could miss important disclosures and create inequities. The author said the bill was a narrow accountability measure and acknowledged broader issues would require more discussion. The committee passed SB 932 on a 12-0 vote, with the bill also placed on call during the vote sequence. The committee also approved a consent calendar containing several other measures, including SB 994, SB 1100, SB 1374, SB 1189, and SCR 124. Those items were adopted unanimously after roll calls, and the committee adjourned after completing the final votes.

Transcript Highlights:

• We are accountable to our constituency through the Constitution of the state of Florida and general law
• The Auditor General, pursuant to her authority, shall finalize the scope of the audit during the course
• The Auditor General, pursuant to her authority, shall finalize the scope of the audit during the course
• Additionally, it has still not submitted the 2023-24 report to the Auditor General, which once again
• I move that the committee direct the Auditor General to perform an operational audit of Cape Coral's

Summary: The Legislative Auditing Committee heard several local-government audit requests and unanimously approved each one. The first item was Baker County, where county commissioners asked for an operational and financial audit because of repeated late audits, concerns about the finance office, and lack of confidence in county financial reporting. The county clerk supported an audit but argued it should be countywide and include all constitutional officers; she also described a dispute over access to the county finance system and pending litigation. After brief questions, the committee adopted a 9-0 motion directing the Auditor General to perform an operational audit of Baker County’s financial operations and records, with scope to be finalized during the audit. The committee then approved an audit request for the Concord Estates Community Development District in Osceola County. Senator Arrington said residents alleged excessive board compensation, large unexplained spending, missing financial reports, and refusal to provide records or hold open meetings. Residents and a board member testified about rising assessments, deteriorating amenities, and lack of transparency. The committee voted 10-0 to direct an operational audit of the CDD. It also approved, by 10-0 votes, operational audits of the town of Melbourne Beach, based on allegations of fiscal and operational improprieties and lawsuits that had cost the town more than $150,000, and the city of Apalachicola, where Senator Simon said longstanding water utility failures, grant issues, and consent-order problems warranted review. The final request was for a financial and operational audit of Cape Coral’s Building Department. Representative G. Lombardo said building-fee revenues appeared to be transferred for non-building purposes, permit processing was inconsistent, and the department relied heavily on a private firm while the building official had prior ties to that firm. Industry representatives testified that building funds were being diverted, service levels were suffering, and private-provider inspections were not always reflected in fee reductions. The committee adopted the motion 10-0. After completing all agenda items, the committee adjourned.

Transcript Highlights:

• We have Major General Thomas Selzer, uh, adjutant general of the state of Texas. We have Ms.
• Thank you, General. Uh, thank you, General.
• Vice Chair, uh, general, and, and Mrs. Tomlin and Mrs. Humphrey.
• Let us tell future generations the story of a young man.
• Major General Thomas Seltzer, Senator Hancock.

Transcript Highlights:

• For generations, our understanding of autism has evolved dramatically.
• It's about honoring generations of sacrifice.
• to generations.
• The farm workers have gone through from generation to generation, from many different ethnic backgrounds
• I encountered those first-generation people who were living there, second generation, third generation

Keywords: 987, senate, all

Transcript Highlights:

• That's generally how it would work.
• The general fund is $3.5 billion.
• All that interest goes to the General Fund.
• And you assume this generation is going to live longer, and you assume younger generations are going
• to live even longer than current generations.

Bills: HB188, HB52

Keywords: healthcare, insurance, patient rights, medical treatment, access, affordability, income tax, CHOOSE Act, education funding, ABLE account, tax credits, poverty threshold, legislative funding, 1136, house, all

Transcript Highlights:

• And then we focused on mechanisms that generate funding for local jurisdictions.
• So the first question is, can this funding mechanism effectively generate revenues?
• So that means, is it going to generate enough money, and is it going to generate money stably?
• The biggest drawback to this option is that it doesn't generate sufficient revenue.
• So what this will generate to do that?

Summary: The committee began with member introductions, then heard a presentation on a draft final report studying alternative funding mechanisms for sidewalks and related pedestrian infrastructure. Consultants said current local funding sources are insufficient, with most jurisdictions unable to complete planned sidewalk networks within 50 years. They evaluated four options: a sidewalk utility fee, a modified transportation benefit district sales tax, a new real estate excise tax option, and expanded stormwater fee use for ADA sidewalk ramps. The consultants recommended authorizing the modified TBD sales tax and new REET option, considering a sidewalk utility despite legal uncertainty, broadening any authorization to all pedestrian improvements, and not pursuing the stormwater fee option. Members asked about legal authority, fairness, revenue adequacy, and whether jurisdictions had been consulted; the presenters said state enabling legislation would likely be needed for a sidewalk utility and that fairness could be defined either by direct benefit or by need. The committee then received an update on the 2025 assessment of city transportation funding needs. The consultants reported that city transportation revenues have grown in some local and federal categories since 2019, but state revenues have remained relatively flat and smaller cities are especially affected by declining fuel tax revenues and limited tax bases. They estimated annual city transportation needs at $4.25 billion, average annual spending at $1.89 billion, and a funding gap of $2.37 billion, larger than in the prior study because of updated data, inclusion of system improvements, and higher preservation costs. Draft recommendations focused on reducing costs and improving efficiency, preserving and increasing state support, and expanding local funding options, including preservation-first spending, a permanent federal fund exchange program, streamlined review processes, better coordination with WSDOT, possible property tax flexibility, and exploration of new local tools. Members raised questions about design standards, the role of density and transit, federal compliance, and whether the report would identify specific consolidation or process changes. The committee also heard a project update on evaluating zero-emission vehicle and electrification programs funded by the Climate Commitment Act. Consultants said they had reviewed roughly 23 programs and projects across seven agencies and were now evaluating options to improve delivery, including process improvements, reorganizing programs, or consolidating governance and administrative functions. Early findings highlighted staffing shortages, duplication and variation across agencies, differing levels of risk, and the challenge of coordinating climate priorities across agencies with other core missions. Members asked about program outcomes, administrative costs, whether some programs should have exit strategies, and how to strengthen the EV Coordinating Council. Finally, WSDOT provided an implementation update on its new public-private partnership authority under SB 5801, saying work is underway to prepare governance, legal, policy, and organizational structures ahead of the January 1, 2027 effective date.